Europe & Central Asia · Upper-middle income
Kazakhstan: key statistics
Kazakhstan has 20.8m people (2025) and a GDP per person of $14,692. Below: 78 indicators with the latest year, world rank and change over ten years.
- Capital
- Astana
- Region
- Europe & Central Asia
- Income group
- Upper-middle income
- Currency
- Kazakhstani tenge KZT
- Languages
- Russian, Kazakh
- ISO codes
- KZKAZ
- Land neighbours
- China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
Population20.8m2025 · rank 64 of 217GDP$306bn2025 · rank 49 of 211GDP per capita$14,6922025 · rank 89 of 211Life expectancy74.5 yrs2024 · rank 113 of 217Internet users93.4%2024 · rank 39 of 188Fertility2.982024 · rank 57 of 217CO₂ per person12.57 t2024 · rank 16 of 203Inflation11.4%2025 · rank 20 of 180
topic profiles
Kazakhstan, topic by topic
Each profile brings together the indicators of one topic with world and regional rank, values since 2000, group averages and a comparison with neighbours.
Population
Kazakhstan
GDP per capita
KazakhstanEurope & Central AsiaWorld
Life expectancy
KazakhstanEurope & Central AsiaWorld
Internet users
KazakhstanEurope & Central AsiaWorld
all indicators
Kazakhstan by topic
World rank counts countries with a value in the recent window; regional rank is within Europe & Central Asia.
PopulationFull population profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 20.8m | 2025 | 64/217 | 11/58 | +15% | 8.2bn | |
| Population growth | 1.21% | 2025 | 87/217 | 13/58 | −0.3 pp | 0.91% | |
| Urban share | 62.4% | 2025 | 119/217 | 38/58 | +6.3 pp | 57.8% | |
| Fertility | 2.98 | 2024 | 57/217 | 3/58 | +8.1% | 2.19 | |
| Aged 65+ | 9.0% | 2025 | 107/217 | 54/58 | +2.2 pp | 10.4% | |
| Aged 0–14 | 29.1% | 2025 | 75/217 | 5/58 | +1.5 pp | 24.4% | |
| Density | 7.6 | 2024 | 205/216 | 55/57 | +16% | 62.1 | |
| Birth rate | 19.5 | 2024 | 77/217 | 4/58 | −15% | 16.3 | |
| Area | 2,724,902 km² | 2024 | 9/216 | 2/57 | ±0.0% | 140,539,257 km² |
EconomyFull economy profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GDP | $306bn | 2025 | 49/211 | 21/57 | +66% | $118tn | |
| GDP per capita | $14,692 | 2025 | 89/211 | 43/57 | +44% | $14,406 | |
| GDP per capita, PPP | $44,293 | 2025 | 61/199 | 37/53 | +97% | $25,704 | |
| GNI per capita | $13,740 | 2025 | 81/201 | 38/53 | +24% | $14,244 | |
| GDP growth | 6.5% | 2025 | 25/210 | 8/56 | +5.3 pp | 2.9% | |
| GDP per capita growth | 5.2% | 2025 | 27/210 | 7/56 | +5.5 pp | 2.0% | |
| Agriculture share | 3.7% | 2025 | 117/198 | 19/56 | −1.0 pp | 4.0% | |
| Industry share | 32.3% | 2025 | 44/201 | 9/57 | +1.5 pp | 25.0% | |
| Services share | 57.7% | 2025 | 100/201 | 42/57 | −1.6 pp | 63.3% | |
| Investment | 27.2% | 2024 | 46/175 | 11/51 | +1.4 pp | 26.3% | |
| Savings | 29.0% | 2024 | 42/163 | 10/49 | −1.2 pp | 26.0% |
Prices & public financeFull prices & public finance profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation | 11.4% | 2025 | 20/180 | 3/49 | +4.7 pp | 3.0% | |
| Exchange rate | 521.03 | 2025 | 44/210 | 2/57 | +135% | — | |
| Government debt | 20.9% | 2023 | 70/78 | 17/19 | +10.0 pp | — | |
| Tax revenue | 11.9% | 2023 | 110/142 | 43/48 | −4.1 pp | 13.9% | |
| Government expense | 17.4% | 2023 | 111/142 | 45/47 | +2.8 pp | 28.5% | |
| External debt | 62.6% | 2024 | 35/119 | 7/20 | −18.0 pp | — | |
| Military spending | 0.43% | 2025 | 148/156 | 45/47 | −0.7 pp | 2.48% |
Trade & investmentFull trade & investment profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exports | 31.6% | 2024 | 107/184 | 44/52 | −7.8 pp | 29.5% | |
| Imports | 25.6% | 2024 | 150/184 | 49/52 | −0.1 pp | 28.5% | |
| Trade openness | 57.2% | 2024 | 134/184 | 49/52 | −7.8 pp | 68.5% | |
| Current account | -4.1% | 2025 | 125/185 | 37/50 | +1.3 pp | — | |
| FDI inflows | -0.3% | 2025 | 183/197 | 43/51 | −3.9 pp | 1.4% | |
| Remittances | 0.1% | 2025 | 165/178 | 48/50 | −0.1 pp | 0.8% | |
| Tourist arrivals | 2.0m | 2020 | 64/196 | 32/51 | −50% | 2.4bn |
LabourFull labour profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment | 4.8% | 2025 | 107/187 | 32/49 | −0.2 pp | 4.8% | |
| Youth unemployment | 3.8% | 2025 | 171/187 | 49/49 | ±0.0 pp | 13.4% | |
| Participation rate | 67.8% | 2025 | 40/187 | 3/49 | −2.7 pp | 61.0% | |
| Women's participation | 62.6% | 2025 | 32/187 | 4/49 | −2.8 pp | 48.9% |
Aid, poverty & equalityFull aid, poverty & equality profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net ODA received | $79.1m | 2023 | 122/145 | 18/19 | −13% | $259bn | |
| ODA, % of GNI | 0.0% | 2023 | 133/139 | 18/18 | ±0.0 pp | 0.2% | |
| ODA per person | $3.9 | 2023 | 134/145 | 19/19 | −25% | $32.2 | |
| Extreme poverty | 0.0% | 2021 | 143/151 | 44/47 | −0.2 pp | 10.1% | |
| Poverty, $4.20/day | 0.3% | 2021 | 129/151 | 32/47 | −0.8 pp | 18.2% | |
| National poverty rate | 5.0% | 2024 | 141/145 | 46/47 | — | — | |
| Gini index | 29.2 | 2021 | 129/151 | 32/47 | +4.3% | — | |
| Undernourishment | 2.5% | 2024 | 136/167 | 27/47 | −2.7 pp | 8.1% | |
| Women in parliament | 18.4% | 2025 | 133/190 | 48/52 | −7.8 pp | 27.2% |
EducationFull education profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult literacy | 99.7% | 2009 | 13/141 | 11/27 | +0.2 pp | 87.7% | |
| Female literacy | 99.7% | 2009 | 14/147 | 11/28 | +0.4 pp | 84.6% | |
| Primary enrolment | 97.3% | 2025 | 124/191 | 43/53 | +2.3 pp | 102.2% | |
| Secondary enrolment | 97.6% | 2025 | 70/176 | 35/53 | −0.6 pp | 77.3% | |
| Tertiary enrolment | 52.9% | 2025 | 79/172 | 45/52 | +4.5 pp | 43.6% | |
| Primary completion | 98.1% | 2025 | 56/168 | 24/47 | +4.9 pp | 88.0% | |
| Pupils per teacher | 17.2 | 2019 | 94/173 | 9/48 | +4.9% | 23.4 | |
| Education spending | 4.9% | 2023 | 65/184 | 20/49 | +1.4 pp | 3.6% |
HealthFull health profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 74.5 yrs | 2024 | 113/217 | 50/58 | +4.4% | 73.5 yrs | |
| Infant mortality | 7.4 | 2024 | 134/196 | 13/52 | −30% | 27.7 | |
| Under-5 mortality | 9.4 | 2024 | 128/196 | 9/52 | −28% | 37.4 | |
| Maternal mortality | 10 | 2023 | 150/194 | 18/51 | −33% | 197 | |
| Health spending | 3.8% | 2023 | 160/193 | 51/52 | +1.1 pp | 10.1% | |
| Health spending per person | $490 | 2023 | 94/193 | 46/52 | +36% | $1,317 | |
| Physicians | 3.75 | 2023 | 37/180 | 26/50 | −2.0% | 1.86 | |
| Measles vaccination | 93% | 2024 | 79/193 | 28/51 | −6.0 pp | 84% | |
| HIV prevalence | 0.3% | 2024 | 85/153 | 10/35 | +0.1 pp | 0.7% | |
| Child stunting | 8.0% | 2015 | 108/154 | 6/28 | −5.2 pp | — | |
| Basic water | 97.8% | 2024 | 99/206 | 42/56 | +2.7 pp | 91.5% | |
| Basic sanitation | 97.9% | 2024 | 72/203 | 35/54 | +0.3 pp | 82.2% |
Digital & energy accessFull digital & energy access profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet users | 93.4% | 2024 | 39/188 | 21/51 | +27.4 pp | 73.6% | |
| Mobile subscriptions | 127.1 | 2024 | 65/210 | 22/56 | −21% | 111.5 | |
| Fixed broadband | 15.3 | 2024 | 100/208 | 52/55 | +27% | 20.1 | |
| Electricity access | 100.0% | 2024 | 55/215 | 29/57 | ±0.0 pp | 91.9% | |
| Clean cooking | 96.0% | 2024 | 81/192 | 40/51 | +3.0 pp | 75.4% |
EnvironmentFull environment profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ per person | 12.57 t | 2024 | 16/203 | 3/49 | −3.9% | 4.69 t | |
| Renewable energy | 2.0% | 2021 | 179/212 | 50/54 | +0.6 pp | 19.7% | |
| Renewable power | 11.0% | 2021 | 141/206 | 45/51 | +1.9 pp | 27.8% | |
| Forest cover | 1.3% | 2024 | 194/214 | 52/57 | +0.1 pp | 31.1% | |
| Arable land | 11.3% | 2024 | 92/206 | 33/53 | +0.4 pp | 10.7% | |
| Water withdrawals | 38.8% | 2022 | 41/177 | 10/47 | +3.7 pp | 9.0% |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
head to head