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Education · Europe & Central Asia · Upper-middle income
Kazakhstan: education in numbers
Pre-primary enrolment is 74.1% (2020), 86th of 176 in the world and 38th of 51 in Europe & Central Asia. Primary enrolment is 97.3% (2025), 124th of 191 in the world and 43rd of 53 in Europe & Central Asia. Primary completion is 98.1% (2025), 56th of 168 in the world and 24th of 47 in Europe & Central Asia.
Pre-primary enrolment
KazakhstanEurope & Central AsiaUpper-middle incomeWorld
Primary enrolment
KazakhstanEurope & Central AsiaUpper-middle incomeWorld
12 indicators
Education: Kazakhstan in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Europe & Central Asia; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-primary enrolmentPre-primary enrolment, % gross | 74.1%2020 | 86/176 | 38/51 | 20.6% | 34.5% | 74.1% | +39.7 ppsince 2010 | 78.3% | 77.9% | 60.9% | |
| Primary enrolmentPrimary school enrolment, % gross | 97.3%2025 | 124/191 | 43/53 | 98.0% | 98.7% | 99.0% | +2.3 ppsince 2015 | 99.9% | 100.7% | 102.2% | |
| Primary completionPrimary completion rate, % of age group | 98.1%2025 | 56/168 | 24/47 | 93.6% | 97.2% | 97.8% | +4.9 ppsince 2015 | 98.1% | 95.2% | 88.0% | |
| Secondary enrolmentSecondary school enrolment, % gross | 97.6%2025 | 70/176 | 35/53 | 89.1% | 98.5% | 91.9% | −0.6 ppsince 2015 | 103.3% | 96.5% | 77.3% | |
| Lower secondary completionLower secondary completion rate, % of age group | 97.4%2025 | 43/168 | 22/50 | 88.2% | 108.3% | 90.4% | −0.7 ppsince 2015 | 91.9% | 93.0% | 77.9% | |
| Tertiary enrolmentTertiary enrolment, % gross | 52.9%2025 | 79/172 | 45/52 | 30.8% | 46.7% | 62.3% | +4.5 ppsince 2015 | 84.9% | 64.6% | 43.6% | |
| Out-of-school childrenChildren out of school, % of primary school age | 7.9%2025 | 54/178 | 3/51 | 4.3% | 8.1% | 10.8% | −0.4 ppsince 2015 | — | 4.0% | — | |
| Adult literacyAdult literacy rate, % of people 15+ | 99.7%2009 | 13/141 | 11/27 | 99.5%1999 | 99.7%2009 | · | +0.2 ppsince 1999 | 98.8% | 96.2% | 87.7% | |
| Youth literacyYouth literacy rate, % of people 15–24 | 99.8%2009 | 20/148 | 13/27 | 99.8%1999 | 99.8%2009 | · | ±0.0 ppsince 1999 | 99.8% | 99.3% | 93.1% | |
| Pupils per teacherPupils per teacher, primary | 17.22019 | 94/173 | 9/48 | 18.72001 | 16.2 | 17.22019 | +4.9%since 2009 | 14.9 | 18.4 | 23.4 | |
| Education spendingPublic spending on education, % of GDP | 4.9%2023 | 65/184 | 20/49 | 3.3% | 3.6% | 4.4% | +1.4 ppsince 2013 | 4.6% | 3.6% | 3.6% | |
| Education, % of budgetEducation spending, % of government expenditure | 22.0%2024 | 10/179 | 3/49 | 0.0% | 15.9% | 18.0% | +5.9 ppsince 2014 | 11.7% | 15.1% | 14.0% |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
Better than ten years ago
- Pre-primary enrolment+39.7 pp74.1% in 2020
- Primary completion+4.9 pp98.1% in 2025
- Tertiary enrolment+4.5 pp52.9% in 2025
- Out-of-school children−0.4 pp7.9% in 2025
Worse than ten years ago
- Secondary enrolment−0.6 pp97.6% in 2025
- Lower secondary completion−0.7 pp97.4% in 2025
- Pupils per teacher+4.9%17.2 in 2019
Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).
neighbours
Kazakhstan and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Kazakhstan. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Kazakhstan | China | Russia | Uzbekistan | Turkmenistan | Kyrgyzstan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-primary enrolment | 74.1%2020 | 93.1%2021 | 86.0%2019 | 44.0%2021 | 35.9%2020 | 38.5%2021 |
| Primary enrolment | 97.3%2025 | 99.6%2024 | 97.7%2023 | 120.9%2025 | 95.7%2024 | 99.0%2025 |
| Primary completion | 98.1%2025 | 103.5%2010 | 100.0%2019 | 83.6%2025 | 98.6%2024 | 95.3%2025 |
| Secondary enrolment | 97.6%2025 | 92.3%2012 | 92.5%2023 | 98.1%2025 | 94.6%2024 | 91.7%2025 |
| Lower secondary completion | 97.4%2025 | 103.6%2012 | 97.0%2019 | 97.6%2025 | 81.1%2022 | 93.7%2025 |
| Tertiary enrolment | 52.9%2025 | 76.9%2024 | 60.4%2024 | 59.8%2025 | 20.4%2024 | 53.9%2025 |
| Out-of-school children | 7.9%2025 | — | 4.9%2023 | 0.7%2025 | 4.3%2024 | 3.0%2025 |
| Adult literacy | 99.7%2009 | 96.7%2020 | 99.9%2021 | 100.0%2022 | 99.9%2022 | 99.2%2009 |
| Youth literacy | 99.8%2009 | 99.8%2020 | 99.9%2021 | 100.0%2022 | 99.9%2022 | 99.8%2009 |