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Trade & investment · Europe & Central Asia · Upper-middle income
Kazakhstan: trade and investment
Exports is 31.6% (2024), 107th of 184 in the world and 44th of 52 in Europe & Central Asia. Imports is 25.6% (2024), 150th of 184 in the world and 49th of 52 in Europe & Central Asia. Trade openness is 57.2% (2024), 134th of 184 in the world and 49th of 52 in Europe & Central Asia.
13 indicators
Trade & investment: Kazakhstan in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Europe & Central Asia; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ExportsExports of goods and services, % of GDP | 31.6%2024 | 107/184 | 44/52 | 56.6% | 44.2% | 30.5% | −7.8 ppsince 2014 | 43.7% | 25.9% | 29.5% | |
| ImportsImports of goods and services, % of GDP | 25.6%2024 | 150/184 | 49/52 | 49.1% | 29.9% | 26.5% | −0.1 ppsince 2014 | 41.0% | 23.8% | 28.5% | |
| Trade opennessTrade, % of GDP | 57.2%2024 | 134/184 | 49/52 | 105.7% | 74.1% | 57.0% | −7.8 ppsince 2014 | 81.8% | 48.9% | 68.5% | |
| Current accountCurrent account balance, % of GDP | -4.1%2025 | 125/185 | 37/50 | 2.0% | 1.8% | -6.5% | +1.3 ppsince 2015 | — | — | — | |
| Merchandise exportsMerchandise exports, current US$ | $78.8bn2025 | 49/206 | 24/51 | $8.8bn | $60.0bn | $46.4bn | +71%since 2015 | $10.0tn | $7.7tn | $26.4tn | |
| High-tech exportsHigh-technology exports, % of manufactured exports | 42.2%2024 | 11/170 | 3/47 | · | 35.4% | 34.1% | +2.9 ppsince 2014 | 21.4% | 23.2% | 24.7% | |
| Fuel exportsFuel exports, % of merchandise exports | 54.5%2025 | 20/172 | 4/48 | 50.1% | 71.7% | 65.4% | −13.2 ppsince 2015 | 6.3% | 5.2% | 9.5% | |
| Food exportsFood exports, % of merchandise exports | 8.9%2025 | 120/172 | 32/48 | 1.0% | 3.4% | 7.9% | +4.3 ppsince 2015 | 10.6% | 9.0% | 9.0% | |
| Average tariffApplied tariff rate, weighted mean, all products | 2.9%2022 | 110/184 | 7/46 | · | 4.4% | 2.0% | −0.8 ppsince 2012 | — | — | — | |
| FDI inflowsForeign direct investment, net inflows, % of GDP | -0.3%2025 | 183/197 | 43/51 | 7.5% | 5.0% | 4.2% | −3.9 ppsince 2015 | 1.0% | 1.1% | 1.4% | |
| RemittancesPersonal remittances received, % of GDP | 0.1%2025 | 165/178 | 48/50 | 0.4% | 0.2% | 0.2% | −0.1 ppsince 2015 | 0.8% | 1.0% | 0.8% | |
| Tourist arrivalsInternational tourist arrivals | 2.0m2020 | 64/196 | 32/51 | 1.7m | 4.1m | 2.0m | −50%since 2010 | 1.2bn | 573m | 2.4bn | |
| Tourism receiptsInternational tourism receipts, current US$ | $589m2020 | 90/177 | 31/42 | $403m | $1.2bn | $589m | −52%since 2010 | $590bn | — | $1.9tn |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
neighbours
Kazakhstan and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Kazakhstan. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Kazakhstan | China | Russia | Uzbekistan | Turkmenistan | Kyrgyzstan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exports | 31.6%2024 | 21.1%2025 | 18.2%2025 | 22.0%2025 | 14.5%2025 | 26.8%2025 |
| Imports | 25.6%2024 | 16.9%2025 | 15.5%2025 | 35.4%2025 | 13.7%2025 | 65.6%2025 |
| Trade openness | 57.2%2024 | 38.0%2025 | 33.7%2025 | 57.4%2025 | 28.2%2025 | 92.4%2025 |
| Current account | -4.1%2025 | 3.8%2025 | 1.5%2025 | -3.9%2025 | — | -22.6%2024 |
| Merchandise exports | $78.8bn2025 | $3.8tn2025 | $419bn2025 | $23.7bn2025 | $15.6bn2025 | $2.9bn2025 |
| High-tech exports | 42.2%2024 | 26.3%2024 | 9.7%2021 | 1.7%2024 | — | 10.7%2024 |
| Fuel exports | 54.5%2025 | 1.4%2025 | 43.1%2021 | 6.5%2024 | — | 9.4%2025 |
| Food exports | 8.9%2025 | 2.3%2025 | 6.6%2021 | 11.4%2024 | — | 11.7%2025 |
| Average tariff | 2.9%2022 | 2.2%2022 | 4.2%2021 | 2.6%2021 | — | 3.0%2021 |