Sub-Saharan Africa · Low income
Ethiopia: key statistics
Ethiopia has 135m people (2025) and a GDP per person of $933. Below: 80 indicators with the latest year, world rank and change over ten years.
- Capital
- Addis Ababa
- Region
- Sub-Saharan Africa
- Income group
- Low income
- Currency
- bir ETB
- Languages
- Amharic
- ISO codes
- ETETH
Population135m2025 · rank 10 of 217GDP$126bn2025 · rank 67 of 211GDP per capita$9332025 · rank 199 of 211Life expectancy67.6 yrs2024 · rank 170 of 217Internet users21.9%2024 · rank 175 of 188Fertility3.912024 · rank 27 of 217CO₂ per person0.15 t2024 · rank 187 of 203Inflation13.2%2025 · rank 17 of 180
topic profiles
Ethiopia, topic by topic
Each profile brings together the indicators of one topic with world and regional rank, values since 2000, group averages and a comparison with neighbours.
Population
Ethiopia
GDP per capita
EthiopiaSub-Saharan AfricaWorld
Life expectancy
EthiopiaSub-Saharan AfricaWorld
Internet users
EthiopiaSub-Saharan AfricaWorld
all indicators
Ethiopia by topic
World rank counts countries with a value in the recent window; regional rank is within Sub-Saharan Africa.
PopulationFull population profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 135m | 2025 | 10/217 | 2/48 | +30% | 8.2bn | |
| Population growth | 2.55% | 2025 | 24/217 | 15/48 | −0.1 pp | 0.91% | |
| Urban share | 24.1% | 2025 | 207/217 | 45/48 | +4.7 pp | 57.8% | |
| Fertility | 3.91 | 2024 | 27/217 | 25/48 | −15% | 2.19 | |
| Aged 65+ | 3.3% | 2025 | 184/217 | 23/48 | +0.4 pp | 10.4% | |
| Aged 0–14 | 38.8% | 2025 | 30/217 | 28/48 | −4.1 pp | 24.4% | |
| Density | 117.7 | 2024 | 92/216 | 16/48 | +31% | 62.1 | |
| Birth rate | 31.5 | 2024 | 24/217 | 22/48 | −5.8% | 16.3 | |
| Area | 1,129,819 km² | 2024 | 26/216 | 8/48 | ±0.0% | 140,539,257 km² |
EconomyFull economy profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GDP | $126bn | 2025 | 67/211 | 4/46 | +103% | $118tn | |
| GDP per capita | $933 | 2025 | 199/211 | 35/46 | +56% | $14,406 | |
| GDP per capita, PPP | $3,622 | 2025 | 180/199 | 30/46 | +122% | $25,704 | |
| GNI per capita | $1,110 | 2025 | 184/201 | 31/46 | +95% | $14,244 | |
| GDP growth | 9.8% | 2025 | 6/210 | 1/46 | −0.6 pp | 2.9% | |
| GDP per capita growth | 7.0% | 2025 | 11/210 | 2/46 | −0.5 pp | 2.0% | |
| Agriculture share | 32.8% | 2025 | 9/198 | 7/45 | −3.2 pp | 4.0% | |
| Industry share | 27.8% | 2025 | 65/201 | 15/45 | +11.5 pp | 25.0% | |
| Services share | 36.6% | 2025 | 191/201 | 40/45 | −3.0 pp | 63.3% | |
| Investment | 20.1% | 2025 | 120/175 | 23/43 | −20.6 pp | 26.3% | |
| Savings | 19.7% | 2024 | 96/163 | 15/39 | −11.8 pp | 26.0% |
Prices & public financeFull prices & public finance profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation | 13.2% | 2025 | 17/180 | 10/44 | +3.7 pp | 3.0% | |
| Real interest rate | -17.1% | 2008 | — | — | −27.8 pp | — | |
| Lending rate | 8.0% | 2008 | — | — | −2.5 pp | — | |
| Exchange rate | 82.60 | 2024 | 72/210 | 31/47 | +322% | — | |
| Government debt | 31.4% | 2019 | 61/78 | 9/15 | −52.0 pp | — | |
| Tax revenue | 3.4% | 2024 | 138/142 | 31/32 | −5.4 pp | 13.9% | |
| Government expense | 6.1% | 2023 | 141/142 | 32/32 | −4.1 pp | 28.5% | |
| External debt | 24.3% | 2022 | 98/119 | 38/43 | ±0.0 pp | — | |
| Military spending | 0.49% | 2025 | 145/156 | 42/45 | −0.2 pp | 2.48% |
Trade & investmentFull trade & investment profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exports | 13.3% | 2025 | 167/184 | 37/43 | +3.9 pp | 29.5% | |
| Imports | 20.2% | 2025 | 168/184 | 37/43 | −10.1 pp | 28.5% | |
| Trade openness | 33.5% | 2025 | 175/184 | 41/43 | −6.2 pp | 68.5% | |
| Current account | -2.5% | 2024 | 103/185 | 17/42 | +7.8 pp | — | |
| FDI inflows | 3.0% | 2025 | 72/197 | 18/46 | −1.2 pp | 1.4% | |
| Remittances | 4.8% | 2024 | 55/178 | 12/41 | +1.5 pp | 0.8% | |
| Tourist arrivals | 518,000 | 2020 | 122/196 | 16/42 | +11% | 2.4bn |
LabourFull labour profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment | 3.3% | 2025 | 135/187 | 31/47 | +0.9 pp | 4.8% | |
| Youth unemployment | 5.4% | 2025 | 159/187 | 32/47 | +1.5 pp | 13.4% | |
| Participation rate | 68.5% | 2025 | 33/187 | 16/47 | −9.5 pp | 61.0% | |
| Women's participation | 58.5% | 2025 | 58/187 | 22/47 | −11.7 pp | 48.9% |
Aid, poverty & equalityFull aid, poverty & equality profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net ODA received | $5.4bn | 2023 | 4/145 | 1/48 | +39% | $259bn | |
| ODA, % of GNI | 4.0% | 2023 | 50/139 | 27/47 | −4.2 pp | 0.2% | |
| ODA per person | $42.0 | 2023 | 94/145 | 37/48 | +6.3% | $32.2 | |
| Extreme poverty | 38.6% | 2021 | 23/151 | 23/44 | +1.2 pp | 10.1% | |
| Poverty, $4.20/day | 63.7% | 2021 | 17/151 | 17/44 | −0.7 pp | 18.2% | |
| National poverty rate | 33.1% | 2021 | 41/145 | 34/45 | +3.5 pp | — | |
| Gini index | 31.1 | 2021 | 112/151 | 42/44 | −6.3% | — | |
| Undernourishment | 19.9% | 2024 | 25/167 | 20/44 | +4.3 pp | 8.1% | |
| Women in parliament | 41.9% | 2025 | 22/190 | 5/46 | +3.2 pp | 27.2% |
EducationFull education profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult literacy | 60.5% | 2022 | 125/141 | 27/41 | +21.5 pp | 87.7% | |
| Female literacy | 50.0% | 2022 | 132/147 | 28/41 | +21.0 pp | 84.6% | |
| Primary enrolment | 84.4% | 2024 | 175/191 | 35/41 | −8.7 pp | 102.2% | |
| Secondary enrolment | 33.9% | 2015 | — | — | +10.1 pp | 77.3% | |
| Tertiary enrolment | 5.9% | 2014 | — | — | +3.2 pp | 43.6% | |
| Primary completion | 54.4% | 2024 | 161/168 | 30/36 | +3.3 pp | 88.0% | |
| Pupils per teacher | 55.1 | 2011 | — | — | −18% | 23.4 | |
| Education spending | 2.3% | 2024 | 163/184 | 37/43 | −2.3 pp | 3.6% |
HealthFull health profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 67.6 yrs | 2024 | 170/217 | 12/48 | +7.4% | 73.5 yrs | |
| Infant mortality | 34.5 | 2024 | 36/196 | 30/48 | −31% | 27.7 | |
| Under-5 mortality | 44.5 | 2024 | 36/196 | 30/48 | −34% | 37.4 | |
| Maternal mortality | 195 | 2023 | 37/194 | 33/48 | −61% | 197 | |
| Health spending | 2.8% | 2023 | 183/193 | 47/48 | −1.3 pp | 10.1% | |
| Health spending per person | $34.8 | 2023 | 181/193 | 39/48 | +81% | $1,317 | |
| Physicians | 0.14 | 2023 | 163/180 | 31/46 | +472% | 1.86 | |
| Measles vaccination | 72% | 2024 | 161/193 | 29/48 | +18.0 pp | 84% | |
| HIV prevalence | 0.7% | 2024 | 56/153 | 35/44 | −0.5 pp | 0.7% | |
| Child stunting | 36.8% | 2019 | 15/154 | 9/46 | −13.2 pp | — | |
| Basic water | 55.6% | 2024 | 198/206 | 39/46 | +15.1 pp | 91.5% | |
| Basic sanitation | 10.4% | 2024 | 203/203 | 46/46 | +3.3 pp | 82.2% |
Digital & energy accessFull digital & energy access profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet users | 21.9% | 2024 | 175/188 | 35/46 | +14.2 pp | 73.6% | |
| Mobile subscriptions | 65.1 | 2024 | 186/210 | 37/48 | +116% | 111.5 | |
| Fixed broadband | 0.6 | 2024 | 178/208 | 24/48 | +27% | 20.1 | |
| Electricity access | 56.6% | 2024 | 190/215 | 25/48 | +29.4 pp | 91.9% | |
| Clean cooking | 7.0% | 2024 | 175/192 | 32/48 | +3.0 pp | 75.4% |
EnvironmentFull environment profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ per person | 0.15 t | 2024 | 187/203 | 40/47 | +20% | 4.69 t | |
| Renewable energy | 90.6% | 2021 | 7/212 | 7/48 | −3.0 pp | 19.7% | |
| Renewable power | 95.3% | 2020 | 8/206 | 3/48 | −4.3 pp | 27.8% | |
| Forest cover | 23.8% | 2024 | 123/214 | 23/48 | −0.1 pp | 31.1% | |
| Arable land | 14.6% | 2024 | 76/206 | 21/48 | +0.7 pp | 10.7% | |
| Water withdrawals | 8.6% | 2022 | 91/177 | 14/47 | +0.8 pp | 9.0% |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
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