World 8.2bn peopleGDP $118tnLife expectancy 73.5 yrsOnline 73.6%
NotesAdvertise
World Report nowcountries in numbers
World Report now
  1. Home
  2. Countries
  3. Somalia
Sub-Saharan Africa · Low income

Somalia: key statistics

Somalia has 19.7m people (2025) and a GDP per person of $661. Below: 65 indicators with the latest year, world rank and change over ten years.

Capital
Mogadishu
Region
Sub-Saharan Africa
Income group
Low income
Currency
Somali shilling SOS
Languages
Somali, Arabic
ISO codes
SOSOM
Land neighbours
Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya
Population19.7m2025 · rank 66 of 217GDP$13.0bn2025 · rank 149 of 211GDP per capita$6612025 · rank 206 of 211Life expectancy59.0 yrs2024 · rank 212 of 217Internet users27.9%2024 · rank 173 of 188Fertility6.012024 · rank 2 of 217CO₂ per person0.05 t2024 · rank 194 of 203
topic profiles

Somalia, topic by topic

Each profile brings together the indicators of one topic with world and regional rank, values since 2000, group averages and a comparison with neighbours.

Population12 indicatorsEconomy8 indicatorsPrices & public finance9 indicatorsTrade & investment5 indicatorsLabour13 indicatorsAid, poverty & equality7 indicatorsEducation8 indicatorsHealth17 indicatorsDigital & energy access9 indicatorsEnvironment15 indicators
Population
Somalia
05.0m10.0m15.0m20.0m1994199920042009201420192024Somalia19.7m
GDP per capita
SomaliaSub-Saharan AfricaWorld
$0$5,000$10,000$15,0001994199920042009201420192024Somalia$661Sub-Saharan AfricaWorld
Life expectancy
SomaliaSub-Saharan AfricaWorld
0.0204060801994199920042009201420192024Somalia59.0 yrsSub-Saharan AfricaWorld
Internet users
SomaliaSub-Saharan AfricaWorld
0%20%40%60%80%1995200020052010201520202025Somalia27.9%Sub-Saharan AfricaWorld
all indicators

Somalia by topic

World rank counts countries with a value in the recent window; regional rank is within Sub-Saharan Africa.

PopulationFull population profile

IndicatorValueYearWorld rankIn region10-year changeWorldSince 2000
Population19.7m202566/21721/48+42%8.2bn
Population growth3.34%20258/2173/48−0.1 pp0.91%
Urban share55.1%2025144/21716/48+11.3 pp57.8%
Fertility6.0120242/2172/48−15%2.19
Aged 65+2.6%2025206/21741/48+0.2 pp10.4%
Aged 0–1446.6%20252/2172/48−1.1 pp24.4%
Density30.32024171/21635/48+43%62.1
Birth rate42.320243/2173/48−11%16.3
Area637,657 km²202442/21616/48±0.0%140,539,257 km²

EconomyFull economy profile

IndicatorValueYearWorld rankIn region10-year changeWorldSince 2000
GDP$13.0bn2025149/21131/46+111%$118tn
GDP per capita$6612025206/21142/46+48%$14,406
GDP per capita, PPP$1,6432025197/19944/46+22%$25,704
GNI per capita$6402025195/20141/46+45%$14,244
GDP growth3.0%2025116/21037/46−7.5 pp2.9%
GDP per capita growth-0.4%2025186/21041/46−7.1 pp2.0%
Investment28.1%202543/17511/43+15.0 pp26.3%

Prices & public financeFull prices & public finance profile

IndicatorValueYearWorld rankIn region10-year changeWorldSince 2000
Exchange rate23,097.992017————
Government debt12.7%202474/7813/15——
Tax revenue2.2%2024140/14232/32—13.9%
Government expense6.3%2023139/14231/32—28.5%
External debt14.9%2024112/11942/43−34.9 pp—
Military spending1.54%202587/15619/45+0.9 pp2.48%

Trade & investmentFull trade & investment profile

IndicatorValueYearWorld rankIn region10-year changeWorldSince 2000
Exports29.2%2025117/18422/43+12.4 pp29.5%
Imports98.8%202510/1842/43+39.2 pp28.5%
Trade openness128.1%202536/1844/43+51.6 pp68.5%
FDI inflows6.4%202532/1978/46+1.5 pp1.4%

LabourFull labour profile

IndicatorValueYearWorld rankIn region10-year changeWorldSince 2000
Unemployment18.9%20259/1877/47+0.5 pp4.8%
Youth unemployment34.2%202515/1877/47+0.9 pp13.4%
Participation rate33.8%2025184/18746/47−0.3 pp61.0%
Women's participation20.7%2025175/18746/47−0.2 pp48.9%

Aid, poverty & equalityFull aid, poverty & equality profile

IndicatorValueYearWorld rankIn region10-year changeWorldSince 2000
Net ODA received$2.3bn202317/1458/48+116%$259bn
ODA, % of GNI20.4%20239/1392/47−0.5 pp0.2%
ODA per person$124202339/1458/48+52%$32.2
National poverty rate55.4%202212/14510/45——
Undernourishment56.5%20241/1671/44−4.9 pp8.1%
Women in parliament19.0%2025131/19029/46+5.2 pp27.2%

EducationFull education profile

IndicatorValueYearWorld rankIn region10-year changeWorldSince 2000
Adult literacy54.1%2022129/14130/41—87.7%
Female literacy43.9%2022135/14730/41—84.6%
Primary enrolment20.9%2023191/19141/41−1.9 pp102.2%
Secondary enrolment3.3%2023176/17634/34−2.7 pp77.3%
Pupils per teacher35.52007———23.4
Education spending0.0%2023184/18443/43—3.6%

HealthFull health profile

IndicatorValueYearWorld rankIn region10-year changeWorldSince 2000
Life expectancy59.0 yrs2024212/21743/48+8.3%73.5 yrs
Infant mortality65.420244/1964/48−24%27.7
Under-5 mortality101.120243/1963/48−27%37.4
Maternal mortality56320236/1946/48−34%197
Health spending3.7%2023161/19332/48+0.4 pp10.1%
Health spending per person$22.42023191/19346/48+74%$1,317
Physicians0.052014——+20%1.86
Measles vaccination64%2024178/19338/48+16.0 pp84%
HIV prevalence0.1%2024146/15344/44±0.0 pp0.7%
Child stunting25.3%200942/15427/46−3.9 pp—
Basic water75.3%2024176/20620/46+23.4 pp91.5%
Basic sanitation44.5%2024176/20322/46+10.4 pp82.2%

Digital & energy accessFull digital & energy access profile

IndicatorValueYearWorld rankIn region10-year changeWorldSince 2000
Internet users27.9%2024173/18833/46+26.3 pp73.6%
Mobile subscriptions54.02023197/21043/48+34%111.5
Fixed broadband0.72023175/20821/48+55%20.1
Electricity access54.4%2024194/21529/48+3.0 pp91.9%
Clean cooking5.0%2024180/19236/48+3.0 pp75.4%

EnvironmentFull environment profile

IndicatorValueYearWorld rankIn region10-year changeWorldSince 2000
CO₂ per person0.05 t2024194/20347/47−21%4.69 t
Renewable energy95.4%20222/2122/48+1.5 pp19.7%
Renewable power11.2%2021140/20635/48+11.2 pp27.8%
Forest cover7.8%2024173/21443/48−2.0 pp31.1%
Arable land1.8%2024176/20642/48±0.0 pp10.7%
Water withdrawals55.0%202229/1775/47±0.0 pp9.0%
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
head to head

Compare Somalia with its neighbours

EthiopiavsSomaliaKenyavsSomaliaSomaliavsDjibouti