Aid, poverty & equality · Sub-Saharan Africa · Low income
Ethiopia: poverty, inequality and aid
Extreme poverty is 38.6% (2021), 23rd of 151 in the world and 23rd of 44 in Sub-Saharan Africa. Poverty, $4.20/day is 63.7% (2021), 17th of 151 in the world and 17th of 44 in Sub-Saharan Africa. Poverty, $8.30/day is 93.5% (2021), 11th of 151 in the world and 11th of 44 in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Undernourishment
EthiopiaSub-Saharan AfricaLow incomeWorld
Food insecurity
EthiopiaLow incomeWorld
14 indicators
Aid, poverty & equality: Ethiopia in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Sub-Saharan Africa; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extreme povertyExtreme poverty, $3.00 a day (2021 PPP), % of population | 38.6%2021 | 23/151 | 23/44 | 65.9%1999 | 37.4% | 38.6%2021 | +1.2 ppsince 2010 | 45.0% | 52.5% | 10.1% | |
| Poverty, $4.20/dayPoverty at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP), % of population | 63.7%2021 | 17/151 | 17/44 | 85.9%1999 | 64.4% | 63.7%2021 | −0.7 ppsince 2010 | 63.2% | 70.3% | 18.2% | |
| Poverty, $8.30/dayPoverty at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP), % of population | 93.5%2021 | 11/151 | 11/44 | 97.7%1999 | 93.2% | 93.5%2021 | +0.3 ppsince 2010 | 88.6% | 92.4% | 46.2% | |
| National poverty ratePoverty at national poverty lines, % of population | 33.1%2021 | 41/145 | 34/45 | 44.2%1999 | 29.6% | 33.1%2021 | +3.5 ppsince 2010 | — | — | — | |
| Gini indexGini index of income inequality | 31.12021 | 112/151 | 42/44 | 30.01999 | 33.2 | 31.12021 | −6.3%since 2010 | — | — | — | |
| Top 10% income shareIncome share held by the richest 10% | 24.8%2021 | 103/151 | 40/44 | 25.5%1999 | 27.4% | 24.8%2021 | −2.6 ppsince 2010 | — | — | — | |
| Bottom 20% income shareIncome share held by the poorest 20% | 8.3%2021 | 36/151 | 4/44 | 9.1%1999 | 8.0% | 8.3%2021 | +0.3 ppsince 2010 | — | — | — | |
| UndernourishmentPrevalence of undernourishment, % of population | 19.9%2024 | 25/167 | 20/44 | 46.1%2001 | 23.1% | 20.3% | +4.3 ppsince 2014 | 22.3% | 27.3% | 8.1% | |
| Food insecurityModerate or severe food insecurity, % of population | 60.1%2024 | 24/155 | 21/38 | · | · | 56.2% | — | — | 65.4% | 28.0% | |
| Account ownershipAccount ownership (bank or mobile money), % of adults | 48.8%2024 | 114/145 | 26/36 | · | · | 46.5%2022 | +27.0 ppsince 2014 | 55.1% | 46.4% | 78.7% | |
| Women in parliamentSeats held by women in national parliament, % | 41.9%2025 | 22/190 | 5/46 | 7.7% | 27.8% | 38.8% | +3.2 ppsince 2015 | 27.0% | 24.8% | 27.2% | |
| Net ODA receivedNet official development assistance received, US$ | $5.4bn2023 | 4/145 | 1/48 | $688m | $2.8bn | $5.3bn | +39%since 2013 | $64.8bn | $44.6bn | $259bn | |
| ODA, % of GNINet ODA received, % of GNI | 4.0%2023 | 50/139 | 27/47 | 8.4% | 9.3% | 5.4% | −4.2 ppsince 2013 | 3.1% | 8.2% | 0.2% | |
| ODA per personNet ODA received per capita, US$ | $42.02023 | 94/145 | 37/48 | $10.2 | $30.6 | $44.6 | +6.3%since 2013 | $51.5 | $61.4 | $32.2 |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
Better than ten years ago
- Poverty, $4.20/day−0.7 pp63.7% in 2021
- Gini index−6.3%31.1 in 2021
- Top 10% income share−2.6 pp24.8% in 2021
- Bottom 20% income share+0.3 pp8.3% in 2021
Worse than ten years ago
- Extreme poverty+1.2 pp38.6% in 2021
- Poverty, $8.30/day+0.3 pp93.5% in 2021
- National poverty rate+3.5 pp33.1% in 2021
- Undernourishment+4.3 pp19.9% in 2024
Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).
neighbours
Ethiopia and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Ethiopia. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Ethiopia | Kenya | Sudan | Somalia | South Sudan | Eritrea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extreme poverty | 38.6%2021 | 45.5%2022 | 10.1%2014 | — | 76.5%2016 | — |
| Poverty, $4.20/day | 63.7%2021 | 65.5%2022 | 26.0%2014 | — | 88.0%2016 | — |
| Poverty, $8.30/day | 93.5%2021 | 90.1%2022 | 73.2%2014 | — | 97.6%2016 | — |
| National poverty rate | 33.1%2021 | 39.8%2022 | 46.5%2009 | 55.4%2022 | 82.3%2016 | — |
| Gini index | 31.12021 | 38.52022 | 34.22014 | — | 44.02016 | — |
| Top 10% income share | 24.8%2021 | 30.9%2022 | 27.8%2014 | — | 33.0%2016 | — |
| Bottom 20% income share | 8.3%2021 | 7.1%2022 | 7.8%2014 | — | 4.9%2016 | — |
| Undernourishment | 19.9%2024 | 34.9%2024 | 10.9%2021 | 56.5%2024 | 19.1%2024 | — |
| Food insecurity | 60.1%2024 | 71.7%2024 | — | — | 88.8%2024 | — |