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Environment · Europe & Central Asia · Upper-middle income

Türkiye: environment and emissions

CO₂ per person is 5.38 t (2024), 48th of 203 in the world and 23rd of 49 in Europe & Central Asia. GHG per person is 6.78 t (2024), 57th of 203 in the world and 27th of 49 in Europe & Central Asia. GHG emissions is 579.5 Mt (2024), 16th of 203 in the world and 3rd of 49 in Europe & Central Asia.

CO₂ per person5.38 t2024 · world 48/203 · region 23/49GHG per person6.78 t2024 · world 57/203 · region 27/49GHG emissions579.5 Mt2024 · world 16/203 · region 3/49CO₂ emissions460.0 Mt2024 · world 14/203 · region 3/49
CO₂ per person
TürkiyeEurope & Central AsiaUpper-middle incomeWorld
0.02.55.07.510199520002005201020152020Türkiye5.38 tEurope & Central AsiaUpper-middle incomeWorld
GHG per person
TürkiyeEurope & Central AsiaUpper-middle incomeWorld
0.05.01015199520002005201020152020Türkiye6.78 tEurope & Central AsiaUpper-middle incomeWorld
15 indicators

Environment: Türkiye in detail

Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Europe & Central Asia; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.

IndicatorLatestWorld rankIn region~2000~2010~202010-year changeRegionIncome groupWorldSince 2000
CO₂ per personCO₂ emissions per capita, tonnes5.38 t202448/20323/493.47 t4.27 t5.07 t+17%since 20146.62 t6.38 t4.69 t
GHG per personGreenhouse gas emissions per person, t CO₂e6.78 t202457/20327/494.61 t5.40 t6.52 t+16%since 20148.65 t8.33 t6.36 t
GHG emissionsTotal greenhouse gas emissions excl. land use, Mt CO₂e579.5 Mt202416/2033/49301.8 Mt394.9 Mt543.4 Mt+28%since 20147,953.3 Mt25,498.1 Mt53,206.4 Mt
CO₂ emissionsCO₂ emissions, total excl. land use, Mt460.0 Mt202414/2033/49227.1 Mt312.2 Mt423.1 Mt+29%since 20146,082.4 Mt19,521.7 Mt39,632.7 Mt
MethaneMethane emissions, Mt CO₂e78.6 Mt202422/2032/4950.1 Mt55.1 Mt79.2 Mt+23%since 20141,278.5 Mt4,229.1 Mt9,536.5 Mt
Renewable energyRenewable energy, % of final energy consumption12.0%2021135/21241/5417.3%14.2%13.7%−0.7 ppsince 201115.1%16.8%19.7%
Renewable powerRenewable electricity, % of output35.4%202182/20630/5124.9%26.4%41.8%+10.1 ppsince 201134.4%29.3%27.8%
PM2.5 exposurePM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure, µg/m³26.4 µg/m³202359/2005/5225.9 µg/m³27.4 µg/m³25.2 µg/m³−2.4%since 201314.4 µg/m³26.7 µg/m³32.9 µg/m³
Forest coverForest area, % of land area29.5%2024113/21433/5726.2%27.4%28.9%+1.5 ppsince 201438.6%29.2%31.1%
FarmlandAgricultural land, % of land area50.2%202459/21019/5552.6%50.7%49.1%+0.1 ppsince 201429.1%42.8%36.9%
Arable landArable land, % of land area26.3%202437/20618/5331.0%27.8%25.4%−0.6 ppsince 201412.3%9.8%10.7%
Protected areasTerrestrial and marine protected areas, % of territory5.7%2025139/21349/55··0.2%+5.5 ppsince 201513.2%12.8%17.0%
Water withdrawalsFreshwater withdrawals, % of internal resources28.4%202249/17713/4718.5%20.7%27.4%+6.1 ppsince 20126.7%8.9%9.0%
Freshwater per personRenewable internal freshwater per person, m³2,671 m³202288/18328/483,470 m³3,104 m³2,722 m³−12%since 20127,674 m³6,090 m³5,393 m³
Cereal yieldCereal yield, kg per hectare3,429 kg/ha202486/17937/482,371 kg/ha2,726 kg/ha3,342 kg/ha+21%since 20144,045 kg/ha4,942 kg/ha4,229 kg/ha
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.

Better than ten years ago

Worse than ten years ago

Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).

neighbours

Türkiye and its neighbours

Countries sharing a land border with Türkiye. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.

IndicatorTürkiyeIranIraqSyriaGreeceAzerbaijan
CO₂ per person5.38 t20249.05 t20245.18 t20241.27 t20245.05 t20243.81 t2024
GHG per person6.78 t202411.52 t20248.98 t20241.91 t20246.87 t20245.71 t2024
GHG emissions579.5 Mt20241,054.8 Mt2024413.3 Mt202447.2 Mt202471.5 Mt202458.3 Mt2024
CO₂ emissions460.0 Mt2024829.0 Mt2024238.7 Mt202431.4 Mt202452.5 Mt202438.9 Mt2024
Methane78.6 Mt2024175.7 Mt2024163.2 Mt20246.4 Mt202411.3 Mt202415.0 Mt2024
Renewable energy12.0%20210.9%20211.1%20211.1%202121.5%20211.3%2021
Renewable power35.4%20214.2%20213.8%20213.4%202140.6%20215.8%2021
PM2.5 exposure26.4 µg/m³202340.2 µg/m³202349.5 µg/m³202332.1 µg/m³202314.1 µg/m³202323.7 µg/m³2023
Forest cover29.5%20246.6%20241.6%20242.9%202436.9%202414.6%2024
Iran: environmentIraq: environmentSyria: environmentGreece: environmentAzerbaijan: environment
Environment in Europe & Central Asiaall 58 economies rankedEnvironment: upper-middle-income countries59 economies rankedEnvironment: world leaderboardstop and bottom countriesTürkiye: all key statisticscountry profile