Education · Europe & Central Asia · Upper-middle income
Türkiye: education in numbers
Pre-primary enrolment is 39.7% (2020), 126th of 176 in the world and 45th of 51 in Europe & Central Asia. Primary enrolment is 102.4% (2023), 68th of 191 in the world and 18th of 53 in Europe & Central Asia. Primary completion is 90.6% (2023), 111th of 168 in the world and 42nd of 47 in Europe & Central Asia.
Pre-primary enrolment
TürkiyeEurope & Central AsiaUpper-middle incomeWorld
Primary enrolment
TürkiyeEurope & Central AsiaUpper-middle incomeWorld
12 indicators
Education: Türkiye in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Europe & Central Asia; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-primary enrolmentPre-primary enrolment, % gross | 39.7%2020 | 126/176 | 45/51 | 6.5% | 25.5% | 39.7% | +14.3 ppsince 2010 | 78.3% | 77.9% | 60.9% | |
| Primary enrolmentPrimary school enrolment, % gross | 102.4%2023 | 68/191 | 18/53 | 105.3% | 104.6% | 103.3% | −12.3 ppsince 2013 | 99.9% | 100.7% | 102.2% | |
| Primary completionPrimary completion rate, % of age group | 90.6%2023 | 111/168 | 42/47 | · | · | 100.6% | −12.7 ppsince 2013 | 98.1% | 95.2% | 88.0% | |
| Secondary enrolmentSecondary school enrolment, % gross | 118.4%2023 | 20/176 | 11/53 | 74.6% | 84.2% | 112.5% | +16.2 ppsince 2013 | 103.3% | 96.5% | 77.3% | |
| Lower secondary completionLower secondary completion rate, % of age group | 91.8%2023 | 80/168 | 42/50 | · | 103.7% | 131.0% | −2.2 ppsince 2013 | 91.9% | 93.0% | 77.9% | |
| Tertiary enrolmentTertiary enrolment, % gross | 105.9%2023 | 10/172 | 4/52 | 25.0%2001 | 56.8% | 118.9% | +26.2 ppsince 2013 | 84.9% | 64.6% | 43.6% | |
| Out-of-school childrenChildren out of school, % of primary school age | 0.6%2023 | 147/178 | 35/51 | · | · | 0.2% | +0.6 ppsince 2013 | — | 4.0% | — | |
| Adult literacyAdult literacy rate, % of people 15+ | 97.3%2021 | 44/141 | 24/27 | · | 92.7% | 97.3%2021 | +3.2 ppsince 2011 | 98.8% | 96.2% | 87.7% | |
| Youth literacyYouth literacy rate, % of people 15–24 | 92.2%2022 | 104/148 | 27/27 | · | 98.2% | 100.0%2021 | −6.8 ppsince 2012 | 99.8% | 99.3% | 93.1% | |
| Pupils per teacherPupils per teacher, primary | 17.02017 | 96/173 | 10/48 | · | 20.12012 | · | −39%since 1995 | 14.9 | 18.4 | 23.4 | |
| Education spendingPublic spending on education, % of GDP | 3.1%2022 | 138/184 | 43/49 | 0.0%1998 | 4.2%2011 | 4.0% | −1.3 ppsince 2012 | 4.6% | 3.6% | 3.6% | |
| Education, % of budgetEducation spending, % of government expenditure | 11.3%2022 | 119/179 | 27/49 | 0.0%1998 | 12.9%2011 | 11.6% | −1.5 ppsince 2012 | 11.7% | 15.1% | 14.0% |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
Better than ten years ago
- Pre-primary enrolment+14.3 pp39.7% in 2020
- Secondary enrolment+16.2 pp118.4% in 2023
- Tertiary enrolment+26.2 pp105.9% in 2023
- Adult literacy+3.2 pp97.3% in 2021
Worse than ten years ago
- Primary completion−12.7 pp90.6% in 2023
- Lower secondary completion−2.2 pp91.8% in 2023
- Out-of-school children+0.6 pp0.6% in 2023
- Youth literacy−6.8 pp92.2% in 2022
Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).
neighbours
Türkiye and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Türkiye. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Türkiye | Iran | Iraq | Syria | Greece | Azerbaijan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-primary enrolment | 39.7%2020 | 72.5%2020 | 3.8%2011 | 5.5%2013 | 93.3%2020 | 46.3%2021 |
| Primary enrolment | 102.4%2023 | 102.0%2023 | 104.6%2007 | 81.4%2024 | 102.0%2023 | 105.6%2024 |
| Primary completion | 90.6%2023 | 97.4%2023 | 63.6%2007 | 60.1%2024 | 99.9%2023 | 97.2%2024 |
| Secondary enrolment | 118.4%2023 | 85.1%2023 | 50.6%2007 | 38.7%2024 | 105.2%2023 | 91.1%2024 |
| Lower secondary completion | 91.8%2023 | 85.2%2023 | 44.9%2007 | 42.7%2024 | 93.9%2023 | 80.3%2024 |
| Tertiary enrolment | 105.9%2023 | 58.7%2022 | 15.6%2005 | 43.8%2016 | 165.1%2023 | 41.3%2024 |
| Out-of-school children | 0.6%2023 | 0.1%2023 | 10.7%2007 | 21.8%2024 | 0.1%2023 | 0.0%2024 |
| Adult literacy | 97.3%2021 | 88.9%2023 | 84.1%2021 | 94.4%2021 | 93.9%2009 | 99.8%2023 |
| Youth literacy | 92.2%2022 | 98.7%2023 | 92.4%2021 | 98.4%2021 | 99.5%2009 | 99.9%2023 |