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Turkmenistan: education in numbers
Pre-primary enrolment is 35.9% (2020), 131st of 176 in the world and 47th of 51 in Europe & Central Asia. Primary enrolment is 95.7% (2024), 141st of 191 in the world and 49th of 53 in Europe & Central Asia. Primary completion is 98.6% (2024), 49th of 168 in the world and 20th of 47 in Europe & Central Asia.
Education: Turkmenistan in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Europe & Central Asia; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-primary enrolmentPre-primary enrolment, % gross | 35.9%2020 | 131/176 | 47/51 | · | · | 35.9% | — | 78.3% | 77.9% | 60.9% | |
| Primary enrolmentPrimary school enrolment, % gross | 95.7%2024 | 141/191 | 49/53 | · | · | 100.0% | — | 99.9% | 100.7% | 102.2% | |
| Primary completionPrimary completion rate, % of age group | 98.6%2024 | 49/168 | 20/47 | · | · | 100.4%2021 | — | 98.1% | 95.2% | 88.0% | |
| Secondary enrolmentSecondary school enrolment, % gross | 94.6%2024 | 83/176 | 39/53 | · | · | 86.8% | — | 103.3% | 96.5% | 77.3% | |
| Lower secondary completionLower secondary completion rate, % of age group | 81.1%2022 | 110/168 | 46/50 | · | · | 81.1%2022 | — | 91.9% | 93.0% | 77.9% | |
| Tertiary enrolmentTertiary enrolment, % gross | 20.4%2024 | 131/172 | 52/52 | · | · | 12.4% | +13.4 ppsince 2014 | 84.9% | 64.6% | 43.6% | |
| Out-of-school childrenChildren out of school, % of primary school age | 4.3%2024 | 83/178 | 9/51 | · | · | 2.1%2022 | — | — | 4.0% | — | |
| Adult literacyAdult literacy rate, % of people 15+ | 99.9%2022 | 6/141 | 5/27 | · | · | 99.9%2022 | +1.1 ppsince 1995 | 98.8% | 96.2% | 87.7% | |
| Youth literacyYouth literacy rate, % of people 15–24 | 99.9%2022 | 11/148 | 6/27 | · | · | 99.9%2022 | +0.1 ppsince 1995 | 99.8% | 99.3% | 93.1% | |
| Education spendingPublic spending on education, % of GDP | 4.3%2024 | 87/184 | 30/49 | · | 3.0%2012 | 3.8% | +1.2 ppsince 2012 | 4.6% | 3.6% | 3.6% | |
| Education, % of budgetEducation spending, % of government expenditure | 27.6%2024 | 3/179 | 1/49 | · | 20.8%2012 | 28.0% | +6.8 ppsince 2012 | 11.7% | 15.1% | 14.0% |
Better than ten years ago
- Tertiary enrolment+13.4 pp20.4% in 2024
- Adult literacy+1.1 pp99.9% in 2022
- Youth literacy+0.1 pp99.9% in 2022
Worse than ten years ago
No rated indicator got worse over the decade.
Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).
Turkmenistan and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Turkmenistan. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Turkmenistan | Iran | Afghanistan | Uzbekistan | Kazakhstan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-primary enrolment | 35.9%2020 | 72.5%2020 | 1.1%2011 | 44.0%2021 | 74.1%2020 |
| Primary enrolment | 95.7%2024 | 102.0%2023 | 112.2%2023 | 120.9%2025 | 97.3%2025 |
| Primary completion | 98.6%2024 | 97.4%2023 | 90.3%2023 | 83.6%2025 | 98.1%2025 |
| Secondary enrolment | 94.6%2024 | 85.1%2023 | 59.6%2023 | 98.1%2025 | 97.6%2025 |
| Lower secondary completion | 81.1%2022 | 85.2%2023 | 62.1%2023 | 97.6%2025 | 97.4%2025 |
| Tertiary enrolment | 20.4%2024 | 58.7%2022 | 10.9%2020 | 59.8%2025 | 52.9%2025 |
| Out-of-school children | 4.3%2024 | 0.1%2023 | — | 0.7%2025 | 7.9%2025 |
| Adult literacy | 99.9%2022 | 88.9%2023 | 37.3%2021 | 100.0%2022 | 99.7%2009 |
| Youth literacy | 99.9%2022 | 98.7%2023 | 62.7%2022 | 100.0%2022 | 99.8%2009 |