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Population · Sub-Saharan Africa · Low income

Somalia: population and demography

Population is 19.7m (2025), 66th of 217 in the world and 21st of 48 in Sub-Saharan Africa. Population growth is 3.34% (2025), 8th of 217 in the world and 3rd of 48 in Sub-Saharan Africa. Urban share is 55.1% (2025), 144th of 217 in the world and 16th of 48 in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Population19.7m2025 · world 66/217 · region 21/48Population growth3.34%2025 · world 8/217 · region 3/48Urban share55.1%2025 · world 144/217 · region 16/48Density30.32024 · world 171/216 · region 35/48
Population
Somalia
05.0m10.0m15.0m20.0m1995200020052010201520202025Somalia19.7m
Population growth
SomaliaSub-Saharan AfricaLow incomeWorld
0%2.0%4.0%6.0%1995200020052010201520202025Somalia3.34%Sub-Saharan AfricaLow incomeWorld
12 indicators

Population: Somalia in detail

Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Sub-Saharan Africa; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.

IndicatorLatestWorld rankIn region~2000~2010~202010-year changeRegionIncome groupWorldSince 2000
PopulationPopulation19.7m202566/21721/488.8m12.3m16.7m+42%since 20151.3bn767m8.2bn
Population growthPopulation growth, annual %3.34%20258/2173/484.00%2.48%3.80%−0.1 ppsince 20152.43%2.69%0.91%
Urban shareUrban population, % of total55.1%2025144/21716/4833.1%38.6%52.3%+11.3 ppsince 201544.7%35.2%57.8%
DensityPopulation density, people per km²30.32024171/21635/4814.119.526.5+43%since 201452.749.562.1
FertilityFertility rate, births per woman6.0120242/2172/487.647.326.45−15%since 20144.264.462.19
Birth rateBirth rate, per 1,000 people42.320243/2173/4850.448.144.5−11%since 201432.834.016.3
Death rateDeath rate, per 1,000 people9.7202445/2176/4815.716.610.8−23%since 20148.07.07.6
Aged 0–14Population aged 0–14, % of total46.6%20252/2172/4847.4%48.7%47.0%−1.1 ppsince 201540.4%40.9%24.4%
Aged 65+Population aged 65+, % of total2.6%2025206/21741/482.6%2.4%2.5%+0.2 ppsince 20153.2%3.3%10.4%
Dependency ratioAge dependency ratio, % of working-age population96.7%20253/2172/4899.8%104.6%98.3%−3.3 ppsince 201578.1%80.2%54.5%
Net migrationNet migration, people12,077202540/2174/4853,580-88,44877,259+170%since 2015-223,909160,8310
Adolescent birthsAdolescent fertility, births per 1,000 women aged 15–19115.4202412/21712/48129.1131.1122.7−14%since 201491.990.738.3
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.

Better than ten years ago

Worse than ten years ago

No rated indicator got worse over the decade.

Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).

neighbours

Somalia and its neighbours

Countries sharing a land border with Somalia. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.

IndicatorSomaliaEthiopiaKenyaDjibouti
Population19.7m2025135m202557.5m20251.2m2025
Population growth3.34%20252.55%20251.93%20251.31%2025
Urban share55.1%202524.1%202532.2%202573.0%2025
Density30.32024117.7202497.2202450.42024
Fertility6.0120243.9120243.1720242.622024
Birth rate42.3202431.5202427.0202420.92024
Death rate9.720245.920247.220247.52024
Aged 0–1446.6%202538.8%202536.3%202528.8%2025
Aged 65+2.6%20253.3%20253.0%20255.0%2025
Ethiopia: populationKenya: populationDjibouti: population
Population in Sub-Saharan Africaall 48 economies rankedPopulation: low-income countries25 economies rankedPopulation: world leaderboardstop and bottom countriesSomalia: all key statisticscountry profile