Labour · East Asia & Pacific · Upper-middle income
Indonesia: the labour market
Labour force is 147m (2025), 4th of 187 in the world and 2nd of 29 in East Asia & Pacific. Participation rate is 68.0% (2025), 36th of 187 in the world and 7th of 29 in East Asia & Pacific. Women's participation is 53.7% (2025), 89th of 187 in the world and 17th of 29 in East Asia & Pacific.
Labour force
Indonesia
Participation rate
IndonesiaEast Asia & PacificUpper-middle incomeWorld
13 indicators
Labour: Indonesia in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within East Asia & Pacific; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour forceLabour force, total | 147m2025 | 4/187 | 2/29 | 101m | 118m | 137m | +16%since 2015 | 1.3bn | 1.5bn | 3.7bn | |
| Participation rateLabour force participation, % of 15+ | 68.0%2025 | 36/187 | 7/29 | 67.8% | 66.6% | 67.4% | +1.4 ppsince 2015 | 65.2% | 62.7% | 61.0% | |
| Women's participationFemale labour force participation, % of women 15+ | 53.7%2025 | 89/187 | 17/29 | 51.7% | 51.0% | 53.2% | +2.9 ppsince 2015 | 58.1% | 53.4% | 48.9% | |
| Employment rateEmployment to population ratio, 15+ (ILO) | 65.8%2025 | 35/187 | 10/29 | 63.6% | 62.8% | 64.5% | +2.2 ppsince 2015 | 62.7% | 59.5% | 58.1% | |
| UnemploymentUnemployment, % of labour force (ILO) | 3.2%2025 | 140/187 | 14/29 | 6.1% | 5.6% | 4.3% | −1.3 ppsince 2015 | 3.8% | 5.2% | 4.8% | |
| Female unemploymentFemale unemployment, % of female labour force (ILO) | 3.0%2025 | 154/187 | 15/29 | 6.7% | 6.4% | 3.8% | −1.4 ppsince 2015 | 3.4% | 5.1% | 4.9% | |
| Youth unemploymentYouth unemployment, ages 15–24 (ILO) | 13.0%2025 | 93/187 | 8/29 | 19.1% | 17.7% | 14.8% | −4.2 ppsince 2015 | 12.5% | 15.6% | 13.4% | |
| Youth NEET rateYouth not in education, employment or training, % | 21.6%2023 | 65/170 | 12/28 | 29.4% | 26.6% | 21.8% | −1.3 ppsince 2013 | 15.3% | 17.3% | — | |
| Wage workersWage and salaried workers, % of total employment | 46.7%2025 | 135/187 | 20/29 | 32.7% | 40.1% | 46.5% | −1.8 ppsince 2015 | 61.0% | 61.3% | 53.6% | |
| Vulnerable employmentVulnerable employment, % of total employment (ILO) | 50.0%2025 | 54/187 | 10/29 | 65.2% | 57.3% | 50.3% | +1.7 ppsince 2015 | 35.3% | 34.8% | 42.4% | |
| Jobs in agricultureEmployment in agriculture, % of total employment | 27.3%2025 | 67/187 | 11/29 | 45.3% | 38.7% | 29.3% | −5.5 ppsince 2015 | 21.7% | 19.8% | 25.8% | |
| Jobs in industryEmployment in industry, % of total employment | 22.5%2025 | 60/187 | 9/29 | 16.3% | 18.3% | 21.6% | +0.4 ppsince 2015 | 28.5% | 27.7% | 23.7% | |
| Jobs in servicesEmployment in services, % of total employment | 50.2%2025 | 128/187 | 19/29 | 38.4% | 43.0% | 49.1% | +5.1 ppsince 2015 | 49.9% | 52.4% | 50.6% |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
Better than ten years ago
- Women's participation+2.9 pp53.7% in 2025
- Employment rate+2.2 pp65.8% in 2025
- Unemployment−1.3 pp3.2% in 2025
- Female unemployment−1.4 pp3.0% in 2025
Worse than ten years ago
- Wage workers−1.8 pp46.7% in 2025
- Vulnerable employment+1.7 pp50.0% in 2025
Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).
neighbours
Indonesia and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Indonesia. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Indonesia | India | Philippines | Vietnam | Thailand | Malaysia |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour force | 147m2025 | 618m2025 | 52.2m2025 | 57.0m2025 | 40.9m2025 | 18.7m2025 |
| Participation rate | 68.0%2025 | 55.7%2025 | 61.4%2025 | 72.8%2025 | 66.7%2025 | 66.1%2025 |
| Women's participation | 53.7%2025 | 32.4%2025 | 50.5%2025 | 68.6%2025 | 59.0%2025 | 51.6%2025 |
| Employment rate | 65.8%2025 | 53.3%2025 | 60.0%2025 | 71.7%2025 | 66.2%2025 | 63.6%2025 |
| Unemployment | 3.2%2025 | 4.2%2025 | 2.2%2025 | 1.5%2025 | 0.8%2025 | 3.8%2025 |
| Female unemployment | 3.0%2025 | 4.1%2025 | 2.5%2025 | 1.4%2025 | 0.8%2025 | 3.9%2025 |
| Youth unemployment | 13.0%2025 | 16.0%2025 | 7.0%2025 | 6.2%2025 | 4.5%2025 | 12.0%2025 |
| Youth NEET rate | 21.6%2023 | 25.6%2025 | 16.5%2024 | 10.3%2024 | 12.4%2025 | 10.2%2022 |
| Wage workers | 46.7%2025 | 25.1%2025 | 63.9%2025 | 46.7%2025 | 49.3%2025 | 74.6%2025 |