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Environment · South Asia · Lower-middle income

India: environment and emissions

CO₂ per person is 2.17 t (2024), 111th of 203 in the world and 2nd of 6 in South Asia. GHG per person is 3.01 t (2024), 123rd of 203 in the world and 3rd of 6 in South Asia. GHG emissions is 4,371.2 Mt (2024), 3rd of 203 in the world and 1st of 6 in South Asia.

CO₂ per person2.17 t2024 · world 111/203 · region 2/6GHG per person3.01 t2024 · world 123/203 · region 3/6GHG emissions4,371.2 Mt2024 · world 3/203 · region 1/6CO₂ emissions3,153.8 Mt2024 · world 3/203 · region 1/6
CO₂ per person
IndiaSouth AsiaLower-middle incomeWorld
0.02.04.06.0199520002005201020152020India2.17 tSouth AsiaLower-middle incomeWorld
GHG per person
IndiaSouth AsiaLower-middle incomeWorld
0.02.04.06.08.0199520002005201020152020India3.01 tSouth AsiaLower-middle incomeWorld
15 indicators

Environment: India in detail

Latest reported value, world rank and rank within South Asia; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.

IndicatorLatestWorld rankIn region~2000~2010~202010-year changeRegionIncome groupWorldSince 2000
CO₂ per personCO₂ emissions per capita, tonnes2.17 t2024111/2032/60.94 t1.39 t1.68 t+27%since 20141.98 t1.60 t4.69 t
GHG per personGreenhouse gas emissions per person, t CO₂e3.01 t2024123/2033/61.74 t2.19 t2.47 t+21%since 20142.79 t2.58 t6.36 t
GHG emissionsTotal greenhouse gas emissions excl. land use, Mt CO₂e4,371.2 Mt20243/2031/61,835.6 Mt2,722.6 Mt3,461.1 Mt+34%since 20144,675.5 Mt7,482.1 Mt53,206.4 Mt
CO₂ emissionsCO₂ emissions, total excl. land use, Mt3,153.8 Mt20243/2031/6996.9 Mt1,730.1 Mt2,357.0 Mt+41%since 20143,320.7 Mt4,634.0 Mt39,632.7 Mt
MethaneMethane emissions, Mt CO₂e861.6 Mt20242/2031/6668.6 Mt754.7 Mt788.6 Mt+15%since 2014965.0 Mt2,116.0 Mt9,536.5 Mt
Renewable energyRenewable energy, % of final energy consumption34.9%202169/2124/646.9%36.2%36.1%−0.1 ppsince 201136.9%43.3%19.7%
Renewable powerRenewable electricity, % of output19.1%2021120/2064/614.0%15.0%19.8%+3.8 ppsince 201119.3%24.8%27.8%
PM2.5 exposurePM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure, µg/m³54.1 µg/m³202311/2002/650.8 µg/m³51.7 µg/m³52.2 µg/m³+3.4%since 201355.2 µg/m³49.6 µg/m³32.9 µg/m³
Forest coverForest area, % of land area24.4%2024121/2144/622.7%23.4%24.3%+0.7 ppsince 201425.6%30.2%31.1%
FarmlandAgricultural land, % of land area59.9%202441/2102/660.9%60.4%60.0%−0.5 ppsince 201458.3%43.0%36.9%
Arable landArable land, % of land area51.7%20246/2062/654.3%52.8%52.0%−0.9 ppsince 201449.3%18.3%10.7%
Protected areasTerrestrial and marine protected areas, % of territory4.5%2025152/2134/6··3.5%+1.0 ppsince 20154.6%12.4%17.0%
Water withdrawalsFreshwater withdrawals, % of internal resources44.8%202235/1771/642.2%44.8%44.8%±0.0 ppsince 201237.6%16.3%9.0%
Freshwater per personRenewable internal freshwater per person, m³1,014 m³2022127/1834/61,367 m³1,163 m³1,031 m³−10%since 20121,141 m³2,496 m³5,393 m³
Cereal yieldCereal yield, kg per hectare3,632 kg/ha202475/1793/62,287 kg/ha2,666 kg/ha3,391 kg/ha+21%since 20143,814 kg/ha3,366 kg/ha4,229 kg/ha
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.

Better than ten years ago

Worse than ten years ago

Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).

neighbours

India and its neighbours

Countries sharing a land border with India. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.

IndicatorIndiaChinaIndonesiaPakistanBangladeshMyanmar
CO₂ per person2.17 t20249.32 t20242.87 t20240.81 t20240.72 t20240.58 t2024
GHG per person3.01 t202411.03 t20244.67 t20242.09 t20241.27 t20242.16 t2024
GHG emissions4,371.2 Mt202415,536.1 Mt20241,323.8 Mt2024525.9 Mt2024220.8 Mt2024117.8 Mt2024
CO₂ emissions3,153.8 Mt202413,124.7 Mt2024812.2 Mt2024204.0 Mt2024124.2 Mt202431.4 Mt2024
Methane861.6 Mt20241,485.3 Mt2024429.5 Mt2024250.9 Mt202470.5 Mt202472.7 Mt2024
Renewable energy34.9%202115.2%202120.2%202141.6%202125.0%202162.9%2021
Renewable power19.1%202128.4%202115.5%202128.3%20211.5%202150.8%2021
PM2.5 exposure54.1 µg/m³202332.0 µg/m³202320.8 µg/m³202358.4 µg/m³202369.3 µg/m³202335.1 µg/m³2023
Forest cover24.4%202424.0%202450.7%20244.1%202414.4%202442.0%2024
China: environmentIndonesia: environmentPakistan: environmentBangladesh: environmentMyanmar: environment
Environment in South Asiaall 6 economies rankedEnvironment: lower-middle-income countries47 economies rankedEnvironment: world leaderboardstop and bottom countriesIndia: all key statisticscountry profile