Education · Europe & Central Asia · High income
Romania: education in numbers
Pre-primary enrolment is 94.9% (2020), 37th of 176 in the world and 21st of 51 in Europe & Central Asia. Primary enrolment is 84.9% (2023), 174th of 191 in the world and 53rd of 53 in Europe & Central Asia. Primary completion is 81.0% (2023), 133rd of 168 in the world and 45th of 47 in Europe & Central Asia.
Pre-primary enrolment
RomaniaEurope & Central AsiaHigh incomeWorld
Primary enrolment
RomaniaEurope & Central AsiaHigh incomeWorld
12 indicators
Education: Romania in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Europe & Central Asia; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-primary enrolmentPre-primary enrolment, % gross | 94.9%2020 | 37/176 | 21/51 | 69.5% | 80.3% | 94.9% | +14.6 ppsince 2010 | 78.3% | 83.8% | 60.9% | |
| Primary enrolmentPrimary school enrolment, % gross | 84.9%2023 | 174/191 | 53/53 | 105.8%2001 | 100.0% | 91.9% | −11.3 ppsince 2012 | 99.9% | 99.8% | 102.2% | |
| Primary completionPrimary completion rate, % of age group | 81.0%2023 | 133/168 | 45/47 | 105.0%2001 | 96.9% | 86.7% | −14.3 ppsince 2012 | 98.1% | 97.8% | 88.0% | |
| Secondary enrolmentSecondary school enrolment, % gross | 81.6%2023 | 126/176 | 51/53 | 83.5%2001 | 102.5% | 86.4% | −14.1 ppsince 2013 | 103.3% | 103.2% | 77.3% | |
| Lower secondary completionLower secondary completion rate, % of age group | 78.0%2023 | 117/168 | 48/50 | 86.6%2001 | 94.4% | 84.3% | −8.1 ppsince 2013 | 91.9% | 95.6% | 77.9% | |
| Tertiary enrolmentTertiary enrolment, % gross | 55.2%2023 | 71/172 | 41/52 | 28.1%2001 | 75.2% | 53.5% | +3.8 ppsince 2013 | 84.9% | 82.0% | 43.6% | |
| Out-of-school childrenChildren out of school, % of primary school age | 15.6%2023 | 32/178 | 1/51 | 0.6%2001 | 2.4% | 8.3% | +9.3 ppsince 2012 | — | 2.5% | — | |
| Adult literacyAdult literacy rate, % of people 15+ | 99.2%2021 | 22/141 | 19/27 | 97.3%2002 | 98.6%2011 | 99.2%2021 | +0.6 ppsince 2011 | 98.8% | 97.7% | 87.7% | |
| Youth literacyYouth literacy rate, % of people 15–24 | 99.9%2021 | 8/148 | 4/27 | 97.8%2002 | 99.0%2011 | 99.9%2021 | +0.9 ppsince 2011 | 99.8% | 99.3% | 93.1% | |
| Pupils per teacherPupils per teacher, primary | 19.32017 | 84/173 | 5/48 | 18.6 | 16.1 | · | +17%since 2007 | 14.9 | 14.0 | 23.4 | |
| Education spendingPublic spending on education, % of GDP | 3.3%2022 | 128/184 | 41/49 | 2.9% | 3.4% | 3.6% | +0.5 ppsince 2012 | 4.6% | 4.7% | 3.6% | |
| Education, % of budgetEducation spending, % of government expenditure | 8.8%2022 | 153/179 | 40/49 | 8.2% | 9.1% | 9.4% | +0.3 ppsince 2012 | 11.7% | 12.0% | 14.0% |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
Better than ten years ago
- Pre-primary enrolment+14.6 pp94.9% in 2020
- Tertiary enrolment+3.8 pp55.2% in 2023
- Adult literacy+0.6 pp99.2% in 2021
- Youth literacy+0.9 pp99.9% in 2021
Worse than ten years ago
- Primary completion−14.3 pp81.0% in 2023
- Secondary enrolment−14.1 pp81.6% in 2023
- Lower secondary completion−8.1 pp78.0% in 2023
- Out-of-school children+9.3 pp15.6% in 2023
Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).
neighbours
Romania and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Romania. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Romania | Ukraine | Hungary | Serbia | Bulgaria | Moldova |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-primary enrolment | 94.9%2020 | 85.8%2020 | 90.8%2020 | 63.8%2021 | 84.3%2020 | 90.3%2021 |
| Primary enrolment | 84.9%2023 | 93.3%2024 | 102.9%2024 | 96.0%2024 | 95.3%2024 | 107.6%2024 |
| Primary completion | 81.0%2023 | 94.6%2024 | 108.9%2024 | 96.0%2022 | 94.6%2024 | 108.1%2024 |
| Secondary enrolment | 81.6%2023 | 86.2%2024 | 107.4%2024 | 89.8%2024 | 94.8%2024 | 99.3%2024 |
| Lower secondary completion | 78.0%2023 | 89.8%2024 | 93.8%2024 | 95.3%2022 | 94.0%2024 | 104.1%2024 |
| Tertiary enrolment | 55.2%2023 | 87.2%2024 | 60.5%2024 | 70.6%2024 | 69.5%2024 | 74.7%2024 |
| Out-of-school children | 15.6%2023 | 12.9%2024 | 2.8%2024 | 3.3%2024 | 5.9%2024 | 0.5%2024 |
| Adult literacy | 99.2%2021 | — | — | 99.3%2022 | 98.3%2011 | 99.4%2014 |
| Youth literacy | 99.9%2021 | — | — | 99.7%2022 | 97.9%2011 | 99.8%2014 |