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Environment · South Asia · Lower-middle income

Nepal: environment and emissions

CO₂ per person is 0.54 t (2024), 160th of 203 in the world and 6th of 6 in South Asia. GHG per person is 1.40 t (2024), 169th of 203 in the world and 5th of 6 in South Asia. GHG emissions is 41.5 Mt (2024), 89th of 203 in the world and 3rd of 6 in South Asia.

CO₂ per person0.54 t2024 · world 160/203 · region 6/6GHG per person1.40 t2024 · world 169/203 · region 5/6GHG emissions41.5 Mt2024 · world 89/203 · region 3/6CO₂ emissions15.9 Mt2024 · world 94/203 · region 4/6
CO₂ per person
NepalSouth AsiaLower-middle incomeWorld
0.02.04.06.0199520002005201020152020Nepal0.54 tSouth AsiaLower-middle incomeWorld
GHG per person
NepalSouth AsiaLower-middle incomeWorld
0.02.04.06.08.0199520002005201020152020Nepal1.40 tSouth AsiaLower-middle incomeWorld
15 indicators

Environment: Nepal in detail

Latest reported value, world rank and rank within South Asia; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.

IndicatorLatestWorld rankIn region~2000~2010~202010-year changeRegionIncome groupWorldSince 2000
CO₂ per personCO₂ emissions per capita, tonnes0.54 t2024160/2036/60.14 t0.18 t0.57 t+102%since 20141.98 t1.60 t4.69 t
GHG per personGreenhouse gas emissions per person, t CO₂e1.40 t2024169/2035/61.18 t1.26 t1.72 t+0.4%since 20142.79 t2.58 t6.36 t
GHG emissionsTotal greenhouse gas emissions excl. land use, Mt CO₂e41.5 Mt202489/2033/628.9 Mt34.5 Mt49.8 Mt+7.5%since 20144,675.5 Mt7,482.1 Mt53,206.4 Mt
CO₂ emissionsCO₂ emissions, total excl. land use, Mt15.9 Mt202494/2034/63.4 Mt4.8 Mt16.5 Mt+116%since 20143,320.7 Mt4,634.0 Mt39,632.7 Mt
MethaneMethane emissions, Mt CO₂e20.6 Mt202470/2033/621.6 Mt25.2 Mt27.6 Mt−21%since 2014965.0 Mt2,116.0 Mt9,536.5 Mt
Renewable energyRenewable energy, % of final energy consumption73.7%202124/2122/688.3%87.3%73.1%−13.3 ppsince 201136.9%43.3%19.7%
Renewable powerRenewable electricity, % of output84.0%202122/2062/699.3%96.4%84.0%2021−16.0 ppsince 201119.3%24.8%27.8%
PM2.5 exposurePM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure, µg/m³53.2 µg/m³202312/2003/642.2 µg/m³50.4 µg/m³51.1 µg/m³+6.6%since 201355.2 µg/m³49.6 µg/m³32.9 µg/m³
Forest coverForest area, % of land area43.6%202470/2142/641.3%42.4%43.1%+1.1 ppsince 201425.6%30.2%31.1%
FarmlandAgricultural land, % of land area26.1%2024133/2104/629.6%28.8%26.5%−2.0 ppsince 201458.3%43.0%36.9%
Arable landArable land, % of land area12.6%202483/2065/616.4%15.2%13.0%−1.8 ppsince 201449.3%18.3%10.7%
Protected areasTerrestrial and marine protected areas, % of territory23.6%202547/2132/6··23.6%+0.2 ppsince 20154.6%12.4%17.0%
Water withdrawalsFreshwater withdrawals, % of internal resources4.8%2022106/1775/64.8%4.8%4.8%±0.0 ppsince 201237.6%16.3%9.0%
Freshwater per personRenewable internal freshwater per person, m³6,670 m³202259/1832/68,074 m³7,249 m³6,842 m³−7.3%since 20121,141 m³2,496 m³5,393 m³
Cereal yieldCereal yield, kg per hectare3,521 kg/ha202484/1795/62,149 kg/ha2,408 kg/ha3,203 kg/ha+29%since 20143,814 kg/ha3,366 kg/ha4,229 kg/ha
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.

Better than ten years ago

Worse than ten years ago

Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).

neighbours

Nepal and its neighbours

Countries sharing a land border with Nepal. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.

IndicatorNepalIndiaChina
CO₂ per person0.54 t20242.17 t20249.32 t2024
GHG per person1.40 t20243.01 t202411.03 t2024
GHG emissions41.5 Mt20244,371.2 Mt202415,536.1 Mt2024
CO₂ emissions15.9 Mt20243,153.8 Mt202413,124.7 Mt2024
Methane20.6 Mt2024861.6 Mt20241,485.3 Mt2024
Renewable energy73.7%202134.9%202115.2%2021
Renewable power84.0%202119.1%202128.4%2021
PM2.5 exposure53.2 µg/m³202354.1 µg/m³202332.0 µg/m³2023
Forest cover43.6%202424.4%202424.0%2024
India: environmentChina: environment
Environment in South Asiaall 6 economies rankedEnvironment: lower-middle-income countries47 economies rankedEnvironment: world leaderboardstop and bottom countriesNepal: all key statisticscountry profile