NP
Prices & public finance · South Asia · Lower-middle income
Nepal: prices, money and public finance
Inflation is 2.7% (2025), 100th of 180 in the world and 4th of 6 in South Asia. GDP deflator is 3.1% (2025), 114th of 209 in the world and 5th of 6 in South Asia. Exchange rate is 139.12 (2025), 56th of 210 in the world and 2nd of 6 in South Asia.
Inflation
NepalSouth AsiaLower-middle incomeWorld
GDP deflator
NepalSouth AsiaLower-middle incomeWorld
12 indicators
Prices & public finance: Nepal in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within South Asia; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| InflationInflation, consumer prices, annual % | 2.7%2025 | 100/180 | 4/6 | 2.5% | 9.3% | 5.1% | −5.2 ppsince 2015 | 3.1% | 3.6% | 3.0% | |
| GDP deflatorInflation, GDP deflator, annual % | 3.1%2025 | 114/209 | 5/6 | 4.5% | 15.1% | 3.2% | −1.3 ppsince 2015 | 3.2% | 5.0% | 3.3% | |
| Exchange rateOfficial exchange rate, local currency per US$ | 139.122025 | 56/210 | 2/6 | 71.09 | 73.26 | 118.35 | +36%since 2015 | — | — | — | |
| Tax revenueTax revenue, % of GDP | 13.9%2023 | 91/142 | 2/6 | 8.7% | 13.4% | 15.8% | +0.6 ppsince 2013 | 6.9% | 12.1% | 13.9% | |
| Government revenueGovernment revenue excluding grants, % of GDP | 16.5%2023 | 114/142 | 3/6 | 10.6% | 14.9% | 19.4% | +1.4 ppsince 2013 | 9.3% | 14.2% | 24.0% | |
| Government expenseGovernment expense, % of GDP | 19.4%2021 | 103/142 | 3/6 | · | 15.6% | 20.2% | +5.5 ppsince 2011 | 13.8% | 15.7% | 28.5% | |
| Government debtCentral government debt, % of GDP | 39.9%2021 | 54/78 | 5/5 | 64.6% | 33.9% | 39.0% | +6.1 ppsince 2010 | 46.6% | — | — | |
| External debtExternal debt stocks, % of GNI | 23.3%2024 | 100/119 | 4/6 | 52.1% | 23.5% | 23.4% | +6.0 ppsince 2014 | 20.0% | 30.1% | — | |
| Private creditDomestic credit to private sector, % of GDP | 90.5%2025 | 24/169 | 1/5 | 30.7% | 54.6% | 88.4% | +33.6 ppsince 2015 | 43.5% | 38.7% | 140.3% | |
| Broad moneyBroad money, % of GDP | 131.2%2025 | 12/146 | 1/5 | 51.3% | 73.2% | 117.7% | +44.8 ppsince 2015 | 79.6% | 67.4% | 135.7% | |
| Reserves, months of importsTotal reserves in months of imports | 15.52025 | 5/165 | 1/6 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 12.5 | +24%since 2015 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 8.6 | |
| Military spendingMilitary expenditure, % of GDP | 0.97%2025 | 117/156 | 3/4 | 0.78% | 1.37% | 1.32% | −0.4 ppsince 2015 | 2.11% | 1.92% | 2.48% |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
Better than ten years ago
- Inflation−5.2 pp2.7% in 2025
- Reserves, months of imports+24%15.5 in 2025
Worse than ten years ago
- Government debt+6.1 pp39.9% in 2021
- External debt+6.0 pp23.3% in 2024
Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).
neighbours
Nepal and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Nepal. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Nepal | India | China |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation | 2.7%2025 | 2.4%2025 | 0.1%2025 |
| GDP deflator | 3.1%2025 | 1.0%2025 | -0.9%2025 |
| Exchange rate | 139.122025 | 87.162025 | 7.192025 |
| Tax revenue | 13.9%2023 | 6.9%2022 | 7.0%2024 |
| Government revenue | 16.5%2023 | 9.4%2022 | 14.9%2024 |
| Government expense | 19.4%2021 | 13.7%2022 | — |
| Government debt | 39.9%2021 | 46.5%2018 | — |
| External debt | 23.3%2024 | 18.6%2024 | 13.0%2024 |
| Private credit | 90.5%2025 | 44.0%2025 | 194.3%2024 |