Labour · Europe & Central Asia · High income
Russia: the labour market
Labour force is 72.8m (2025), 9th of 187 in the world and 1st of 49 in Europe & Central Asia. Participation rate is 61.1% (2025), 97th of 187 in the world and 19th of 49 in Europe & Central Asia. Women's participation is 54.5% (2025), 86th of 187 in the world and 25th of 49 in Europe & Central Asia.
Labour force
Russia
Participation rate
RussiaEurope & Central AsiaHigh incomeWorld
13 indicators
Labour: Russia in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Europe & Central Asia; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour forceLabour force, total | 72.8m2025 | 9/187 | 1/49 | 73.6m | 75.9m | 73.4m | −3.5%since 2015 | 429m | 734m | 3.7bn | |
| Participation rateLabour force participation, % of 15+ | 61.1%2025 | 97/187 | 19/49 | 61.3% | 62.6% | 61.4% | −1.6 ppsince 2015 | 58.2% | 61.0% | 61.0% | |
| Women's participationFemale labour force participation, % of women 15+ | 54.5%2025 | 86/187 | 25/49 | 54.7% | 56.0% | 54.6% | −1.0 ppsince 2015 | 51.1% | 54.3% | 48.9% | |
| Employment rateEmployment to population ratio, 15+ (ILO) | 59.8%2025 | 77/187 | 12/49 | 54.8% | 58.0% | 57.9% | +0.6 ppsince 2015 | 55.1% | 58.3% | 58.1% | |
| UnemploymentUnemployment, % of labour force (ILO) | 2.1%2025 | 170/187 | 48/49 | 10.6% | 7.4% | 5.6% | −3.5 ppsince 2015 | 5.4% | 4.4% | 4.8% | |
| Female unemploymentFemale unemployment, % of female labour force (ILO) | 2.2%2025 | 169/187 | 48/49 | 10.4% | 6.9% | 5.6% | −3.1 ppsince 2015 | 5.7% | 4.6% | 4.9% | |
| Youth unemploymentYouth unemployment, ages 15–24 (ILO) | 7.6%2025 | 142/187 | 46/49 | 20.7% | 17.2% | 17.0% | −8.8 ppsince 2015 | 14.0% | 11.5% | 13.4% | |
| Youth NEET rateYouth not in education, employment or training, % | 6.7%2025 | 160/170 | 40/46 | · | 14.5% | 10.1%2022 | −5.6 ppsince 2015 | 11.4% | 10.6% | — | |
| Wage workersWage and salaried workers, % of total employment | 93.7%2025 | 9/187 | 2/49 | 92.5% | 93.2% | 93.2% | +0.9 ppsince 2015 | 83.3% | 88.9% | 53.6% | |
| Vulnerable employmentVulnerable employment, % of total employment (ILO) | 4.9%2025 | 175/187 | 46/49 | 6.1% | 5.6% | 5.4% | −1.0 ppsince 2015 | 12.9% | 8.0% | 42.4% | |
| Jobs in agricultureEmployment in agriculture, % of total employment | 5.1%2025 | 131/187 | 21/49 | 14.2% | 7.8% | 6.1% | −1.7 ppsince 2015 | 6.7% | 2.9% | 25.8% | |
| Jobs in industryEmployment in industry, % of total employment | 25.8%2025 | 40/187 | 20/49 | 29.3% | 27.5% | 26.4% | −1.2 ppsince 2015 | 23.7% | 22.2% | 23.7% | |
| Jobs in servicesEmployment in services, % of total employment | 69.1%2025 | 64/187 | 26/49 | 56.5% | 64.6% | 67.5% | +2.9 ppsince 2015 | 69.7% | 74.9% | 50.6% |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
Better than ten years ago
- Employment rate+0.6 pp59.8% in 2025
- Unemployment−3.5 pp2.1% in 2025
- Female unemployment−3.1 pp2.2% in 2025
- Youth unemployment−8.8 pp7.6% in 2025
Worse than ten years ago
- Women's participation−1.0 pp54.5% in 2025
Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).
neighbours
Russia and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Russia. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Russia | China | United States | Japan | Ukraine | Poland |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour force | 72.8m2025 | 768m2025 | 175m2025 | 69.5m2025 | 20.5m2021 | 18.2m2025 |
| Participation rate | 61.1%2025 | 64.6%2025 | 61.7%2025 | 63.4%2025 | 54.6%2021 | 58.3%2025 |
| Women's participation | 54.5%2025 | 59.1%2025 | 56.3%2025 | 55.9%2025 | 47.7%2021 | 51.6%2025 |
| Employment rate | 59.8%2025 | 61.6%2025 | 59.1%2025 | 61.9%2025 | 49.3%2021 | 56.6%2025 |
| Unemployment | 2.1%2025 | 4.6%2025 | 4.2%2025 | 2.5%2025 | 9.8%2021 | 3.0%2025 |
| Female unemployment | 2.2%2025 | 4.0%2025 | 4.2%2025 | 2.3%2025 | 10.2%2021 | 3.1%2025 |
| Youth unemployment | 7.6%2025 | 15.8%2025 | 9.3%2025 | 3.9%2025 | 19.1%2021 | 10.7%2025 |
| Youth NEET rate | 6.7%2025 | — | 11.6%2025 | 3.1%2019 | 16.5%2017 | 10.1%2025 |
| Wage workers | 93.7%2025 | 62.3%2025 | 93.9%2025 | 90.9%2025 | 79.0%2021 | 81.1%2025 |