Labour · East Asia & Pacific · High income
Japan: the labour market
Labour force is 69.5m (2025), 10th of 187 in the world and 3rd of 29 in East Asia & Pacific. Participation rate is 63.4% (2025), 80th of 187 in the world and 17th of 29 in East Asia & Pacific. Women's participation is 55.9% (2025), 76th of 187 in the world and 15th of 29 in East Asia & Pacific.
Labour force
Japan
Participation rate
JapanEast Asia & PacificHigh incomeWorld
13 indicators
Labour: Japan in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within East Asia & Pacific; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour forceLabour force, total | 69.5m2025 | 10/187 | 3/29 | 67.8m | 66.1m | 68.7m | +5.4%since 2015 | 1.3bn | 734m | 3.7bn | |
| Participation rateLabour force participation, % of 15+ | 63.4%2025 | 80/187 | 17/29 | 62.4% | 59.6% | 61.9% | +3.9 ppsince 2015 | 65.2% | 61.0% | 61.0% | |
| Women's participationFemale labour force participation, % of women 15+ | 55.9%2025 | 76/187 | 15/29 | 49.2% | 48.3% | 53.1% | +6.5 ppsince 2015 | 58.1% | 54.3% | 48.9% | |
| Employment rateEmployment to population ratio, 15+ (ILO) | 61.9%2025 | 58/187 | 15/29 | 59.5% | 56.5% | 60.2% | +4.4 ppsince 2015 | 62.7% | 58.3% | 58.1% | |
| UnemploymentUnemployment, % of labour force (ILO) | 2.5%2025 | 164/187 | 20/29 | 4.7% | 5.1% | 2.8% | −0.9 ppsince 2015 | 3.8% | 4.4% | 4.8% | |
| Female unemploymentFemale unemployment, % of female labour force (ILO) | 2.3%2025 | 165/187 | 20/29 | 4.5% | 4.6% | 2.5% | −0.8 ppsince 2015 | 3.4% | 4.6% | 4.9% | |
| Youth unemploymentYouth unemployment, ages 15–24 (ILO) | 3.9%2025 | 169/187 | 24/29 | 9.2% | 9.5% | 4.7% | −1.6 ppsince 2015 | 12.5% | 11.5% | 13.4% | |
| Youth NEET rateYouth not in education, employment or training, % | 3.1%2019 | 170/170 | 28/28 | · | 4.3% | 3.1%2019 | −1.3 ppsince 2009 | 15.3% | 10.6% | — | |
| Wage workersWage and salaried workers, % of total employment | 90.9%2025 | 17/187 | 4/29 | 83.9% | 87.9% | 90.1% | +1.8 ppsince 2015 | 61.0% | 88.9% | 53.6% | |
| Vulnerable employmentVulnerable employment, % of total employment (ILO) | 7.5%2025 | 165/187 | 26/29 | 13.2% | 9.6% | 8.1% | −1.3 ppsince 2015 | 35.3% | 8.0% | 42.4% | |
| Jobs in agricultureEmployment in agriculture, % of total employment | 2.8%2025 | 149/187 | 21/29 | 5.5% | 4.4% | 3.3% | −1.0 ppsince 2015 | 21.7% | 2.9% | 25.8% | |
| Jobs in industryEmployment in industry, % of total employment | 23.2%2025 | 54/187 | 7/29 | 30.4% | 25.5% | 23.9% | −1.7 ppsince 2015 | 28.5% | 22.2% | 23.7% | |
| Jobs in servicesEmployment in services, % of total employment | 74.0%2025 | 42/187 | 10/29 | 64.1% | 70.1% | 72.8% | +2.6 ppsince 2015 | 49.9% | 74.9% | 50.6% |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
Better than ten years ago
- Women's participation+6.5 pp55.9% in 2025
- Employment rate+4.4 pp61.9% in 2025
- Unemployment−0.9 pp2.5% in 2025
- Female unemployment−0.8 pp2.3% in 2025
Worse than ten years ago
No rated indicator got worse over the decade.
Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).
neighbours
Japan and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Japan. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Japan | China | United States | Russia | Philippines | South Korea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour force | 69.5m2025 | 768m2025 | 175m2025 | 72.8m2025 | 52.2m2025 | 29.9m2025 |
| Participation rate | 63.4%2025 | 64.6%2025 | 61.7%2025 | 61.1%2025 | 61.4%2025 | 64.4%2025 |
| Women's participation | 55.9%2025 | 59.1%2025 | 56.3%2025 | 54.5%2025 | 50.5%2025 | 56.8%2025 |
| Employment rate | 61.9%2025 | 61.6%2025 | 59.1%2025 | 59.8%2025 | 60.0%2025 | 62.6%2025 |
| Unemployment | 2.5%2025 | 4.6%2025 | 4.2%2025 | 2.1%2025 | 2.2%2025 | 2.7%2025 |
| Female unemployment | 2.3%2025 | 4.0%2025 | 4.2%2025 | 2.2%2025 | 2.5%2025 | 2.7%2025 |
| Youth unemployment | 3.9%2025 | 15.8%2025 | 9.3%2025 | 7.6%2025 | 7.0%2025 | 6.7%2025 |
| Youth NEET rate | 3.1%2019 | — | 11.6%2025 | 6.7%2025 | 16.5%2024 | — |
| Wage workers | 90.9%2025 | 62.3%2025 | 93.9%2025 | 93.7%2025 | 63.9%2025 | 77.3%2025 |