East Asia & Pacific · Upper-middle income
Mongolia: key statistics
Mongolia has 3.6m people (2025) and a GDP per person of $7,108. Below: 80 indicators with the latest year, world rank and change over ten years.
- Capital
- Ulaanbaatar
- Region
- East Asia & Pacific
- Income group
- Upper-middle income
- Currency
- Mongolian tögrög MNT
- Languages
- Mongolian
- ISO codes
- MNMNG
Population3.6m2025 · rank 132 of 217GDP$25.4bn2025 · rank 124 of 211GDP per capita$7,1082025 · rank 120 of 211Life expectancy72.4 yrs2024 · rank 134 of 217Internet users85.1%2024 · rank 83 of 188Fertility2.502024 · rank 78 of 217CO₂ per person7.85 t2024 · rank 27 of 203Inflation8.6%2025 · rank 27 of 180
topic profiles
Mongolia, topic by topic
Each profile brings together the indicators of one topic with world and regional rank, values since 2000, group averages and a comparison with neighbours.
Population
Mongolia
GDP per capita
MongoliaEast Asia & PacificWorld
Life expectancy
MongoliaEast Asia & PacificWorld
Internet users
MongoliaEast Asia & PacificWorld
all indicators
Mongolia by topic
World rank counts countries with a value in the recent window; regional rank is within East Asia & Pacific.
PopulationFull population profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 3.6m | 2025 | 132/217 | 18/37 | +18% | 8.2bn | |
| Population growth | 1.25% | 2025 | 83/217 | 8/37 | −0.9 pp | 0.91% | |
| Urban share | 71.1% | 2025 | 85/217 | 16/37 | +3.1 pp | 57.8% | |
| Fertility | 2.50 | 2024 | 78/217 | 14/37 | −19% | 2.19 | |
| Aged 65+ | 5.4% | 2025 | 142/217 | 29/37 | +1.6 pp | 10.4% | |
| Aged 0–14 | 31.6% | 2025 | 62/217 | 11/37 | +2.0 pp | 24.4% | |
| Density | 2.3 | 2024 | 215/216 | 37/37 | +19% | 62.1 | |
| Birth rate | 16.9 | 2024 | 89/217 | 16/37 | −40% | 16.3 | |
| Area | 1,564,116 km² | 2024 | 18/216 | 4/37 | ±0.0% | 140,539,257 km² |
EconomyFull economy profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GDP | $25.4bn | 2025 | 124/211 | 17/36 | +118% | $118tn | |
| GDP per capita | $7,108 | 2025 | 120/211 | 20/36 | +85% | $14,406 | |
| GDP per capita, PPP | $20,798 | 2025 | 102/199 | 13/31 | +99% | $25,704 | |
| GNI per capita | $6,210 | 2025 | 118/201 | 20/33 | +65% | $14,244 | |
| GDP growth | 6.8% | 2025 | 21/210 | 4/36 | +4.5 pp | 2.9% | |
| GDP per capita growth | 5.5% | 2025 | 23/210 | 6/36 | +5.3 pp | 2.0% | |
| Agriculture share | 8.9% | 2025 | 75/198 | 16/29 | −5.1 pp | 4.0% | |
| Industry share | 37.2% | 2025 | 22/201 | 5/30 | +5.7 pp | 25.0% | |
| Services share | 44.3% | 2025 | 172/201 | 23/30 | −1.8 pp | 63.3% | |
| Investment | 31.4% | 2025 | 24/175 | 4/27 | +6.9 pp | 26.3% | |
| Savings | 23.9% | 2025 | 69/163 | 15/25 | +7.5 pp | 26.0% |
Prices & public financeFull prices & public finance profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation | 8.6% | 2025 | 27/180 | 1/27 | +2.9 pp | 3.0% | |
| Real interest rate | 1.4% | 2021 | 106/136 | 19/24 | +0.1 pp | — | |
| Lending rate | 16.0% | 2021 | 27/136 | 1/24 | −0.6 pp | — | |
| Exchange rate | 3,545.14 | 2025 | 13/210 | 5/36 | +80% | — | |
| Government debt | 43.3% | 2024 | 48/78 | 12/17 | −25.8 pp | — | |
| Tax revenue | 16.9% | 2024 | 72/142 | 13/25 | +4.0 pp | 13.9% | |
| Government expense | 31.7% | 2021 | 51/142 | 8/25 | +7.3 pp | 28.5% | |
| External debt | 181.9% | 2024 | 3/119 | 1/16 | −19.9 pp | — | |
| Military spending | 0.88% | 2025 | 124/156 | 17/18 | ±0.0 pp | 2.48% |
Trade & investmentFull trade & investment profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exports | 68.1% | 2025 | 32/184 | 9/32 | +23.9 pp | 29.5% | |
| Imports | 62.6% | 2025 | 51/184 | 18/32 | +17.2 pp | 28.5% | |
| Trade openness | 130.7% | 2025 | 33/184 | 9/32 | +41.1 pp | 68.5% | |
| Current account | -8.4% | 2025 | 153/185 | 25/29 | −0.2 pp | — | |
| FDI inflows | 10.8% | 2025 | 15/197 | 5/32 | +10.0 pp | 1.4% | |
| Remittances | 2.2% | 2025 | 92/178 | 13/26 | ±0.0 pp | 0.8% | |
| Tourist arrivals | 66,900 | 2020 | 178/196 | 25/35 | −88% | 2.4bn |
LabourFull labour profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment | 5.2% | 2025 | 93/187 | 6/29 | +0.4 pp | 4.8% | |
| Youth unemployment | 11.7% | 2025 | 101/187 | 11/29 | −1.0 pp | 13.4% | |
| Participation rate | 59.7% | 2025 | 105/187 | 20/29 | ±0.0 pp | 61.0% | |
| Women's participation | 51.5% | 2025 | 110/187 | 21/29 | −2.0 pp | 48.9% |
Aid, poverty & equalityFull aid, poverty & equality profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net ODA received | $260m | 2023 | 86/145 | 8/24 | −40% | $259bn | |
| ODA, % of GNI | 1.4% | 2023 | 85/139 | 17/23 | −2.2 pp | 0.2% | |
| ODA per person | $74.7 | 2023 | 64/145 | 14/24 | −50% | $32.2 | |
| Extreme poverty | 0.4% | 2022 | 114/151 | 12/17 | −0.7 pp | 10.1% | |
| Poverty, $4.20/day | 2.3% | 2022 | 91/151 | 10/17 | −3.3 pp | 18.2% | |
| National poverty rate | 27.1% | 2022 | 52/145 | 1/15 | — | — | |
| Gini index | 31.4 | 2022 | 110/151 | 13/17 | −7.1% | — | |
| Undernourishment | 2.5% | 2024 | 144/167 | 21/23 | −8.4 pp | 8.1% | |
| Women in parliament | 25.4% | 2025 | 98/190 | 8/30 | +10.9 pp | 27.2% |
EducationFull education profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult literacy | 98.6% | 2024 | 28/141 | 4/23 | +0.4 pp | 87.7% | |
| Female literacy | 98.9% | 2024 | 26/147 | 5/24 | +0.5 pp | 84.6% | |
| Primary enrolment | 92.3% | 2024 | 159/191 | 26/30 | −7.5 pp | 102.2% | |
| Secondary enrolment | 96.8% | 2023 | 74/176 | 9/26 | +5.6 pp | 77.3% | |
| Tertiary enrolment | 69.0% | 2024 | 54/172 | 10/27 | +2.4 pp | 43.6% | |
| Primary completion | 93.5% | 2024 | 97/168 | 15/26 | −3.9 pp | 88.0% | |
| Pupils per teacher | 30.4 | 2018 | 36/173 | 4/27 | −2.5% | 23.4 | |
| Education spending | 5.2% | 2024 | 54/184 | 13/29 | +0.5 pp | 3.6% |
HealthFull health profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 72.4 yrs | 2024 | 134/217 | 20/37 | +2.6% | 73.5 yrs | |
| Infant mortality | 11.2 | 2024 | 106/196 | 19/30 | −32% | 27.7 | |
| Under-5 mortality | 13.4 | 2024 | 103/196 | 19/30 | −34% | 37.4 | |
| Maternal mortality | 41 | 2023 | 103/194 | 20/30 | −31% | 197 | |
| Health spending | 6.1% | 2023 | 102/193 | 14/29 | +2.0 pp | 10.1% | |
| Health spending per person | $360 | 2023 | 105/193 | 14/29 | +99% | $1,317 | |
| Physicians | 4.13 | 2022 | 28/180 | 1/25 | +34% | 1.86 | |
| Measles vaccination | 96% | 2024 | 53/193 | 10/30 | −2.0 pp | 84% | |
| HIV prevalence | 0.1% | 2024 | 130/153 | 14/18 | ±0.0 pp | 0.7% | |
| Child stunting | 8.8% | 2023 | 101/154 | 18/25 | −2.0 pp | — | |
| Basic water | 86.1% | 2024 | 162/206 | 32/37 | +7.6 pp | 91.5% | |
| Basic sanitation | 74.3% | 2024 | 145/203 | 29/37 | +13.4 pp | 82.2% |
Digital & energy accessFull digital & energy access profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet users | 85.1% | 2024 | 83/188 | 13/28 | +65.2 pp | 73.6% | |
| Mobile subscriptions | 140.7 | 2024 | 39/210 | 8/34 | +35% | 111.5 | |
| Fixed broadband | 15.8 | 2024 | 99/208 | 13/34 | +133% | 20.1 | |
| Electricity access | 99.1% | 2024 | 134/215 | 24/36 | +13.1 pp | 91.9% | |
| Clean cooking | 59.0% | 2024 | 130/192 | 20/30 | +15.0 pp | 75.4% |
EnvironmentFull environment profile
| Indicator | Value | Year | World rank | In region | 10-year change | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ per person | 7.85 t | 2024 | 27/203 | 9/37 | +19% | 4.69 t | |
| Renewable energy | 3.0% | 2021 | 174/212 | 28/37 | −1.0 pp | 19.7% | |
| Renewable power | 10.9% | 2021 | 142/206 | 23/35 | +9.6 pp | 27.8% | |
| Forest cover | 9.1% | 2024 | 169/214 | 33/35 | ±0.0 pp | 31.1% | |
| Arable land | 0.7% | 2024 | 191/206 | 30/34 | −0.1 pp | 10.7% | |
| Water withdrawals | 1.3% | 2022 | 145/177 | 16/20 | −0.1 pp | 9.0% |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
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