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Trade & investment · Sub-Saharan Africa · Low income
Madagascar: trade and investment
Exports is 21.3% (2025), 143rd of 184 in the world and 28th of 43 in Sub-Saharan Africa. Imports is 32.9% (2025), 123rd of 184 in the world and 21st of 43 in Sub-Saharan Africa. Trade openness is 54.2% (2025), 137th of 184 in the world and 25th of 43 in Sub-Saharan Africa.
13 indicators
Trade & investment: Madagascar in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Sub-Saharan Africa; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ExportsExports of goods and services, % of GDP | 21.3%2025 | 143/184 | 28/43 | 19.1% | 21.9% | 20.1% | −7.1 ppsince 2015 | 27.9% | 23.6% | 29.5% | |
| ImportsImports of goods and services, % of GDP | 32.9%2025 | 123/184 | 21/43 | 23.7% | 36.0% | 28.9% | +0.1 ppsince 2015 | 27.9% | 33.9% | 28.5% | |
| Trade opennessTrade, % of GDP | 54.2%2025 | 137/184 | 25/43 | 42.8% | 57.9% | 49.0% | −7.0 ppsince 2015 | 55.7% | 47.6% | 68.5% | |
| Current accountCurrent account balance, % of GDP | -5.2%2025 | 134/185 | 26/42 | -5.6% | -8.9% | -4.8% | −2.9 ppsince 2015 | — | — | — | |
| Merchandise exportsMerchandise exports, current US$ | $2.5bn2025 | 138/206 | 28/48 | $824m | $1.1bn | $2.0bn | +22%since 2015 | $487bn | $107bn | $26.4tn | |
| High-tech exportsHigh-technology exports, % of manufactured exports | 1.0%2024 | 148/170 | 31/39 | · | 3.3% | 0.5% | −0.6 ppsince 2014 | 6.0% | 2.1% | 24.7% | |
| Fuel exportsFuel exports, % of merchandise exports | 2.6%2024 | 94/172 | 15/39 | 3.8% | 5.9% | 1.7% | −1.2 ppsince 2014 | 40.9% | 8.2% | 9.5% | |
| Food exportsFood exports, % of merchandise exports | 30.5%2024 | 49/172 | 16/39 | 38.6% | 23.9% | 44.0% | +5.5 ppsince 2014 | 14.6% | 38.0% | 9.0% | |
| Average tariffApplied tariff rate, weighted mean, all products | 8.7%2022 | 51/184 | 24/45 | 4.5% | 6.3% | 7.2% | +2.6 ppsince 2012 | — | — | — | |
| FDI inflowsForeign direct investment, net inflows, % of GDP | 4.5%2025 | 45/197 | 14/46 | 1.8% | 9.1% | 2.7% | +1.6 ppsince 2015 | 2.1% | 3.7% | 1.4% | |
| RemittancesPersonal remittances received, % of GDP | 3.1%2025 | 77/178 | 21/41 | 0.2% | 4.6% | 3.8% | +0.3 ppsince 2015 | 3.1% | 3.4% | 0.8% | |
| Tourist arrivalsInternational tourist arrivals | 87,1002020 | 169/196 | 34/42 | · | · | 87,100 | −24%since 1995 | 56.0m | 17.4m | 2.4bn | |
| Tourism receiptsInternational tourism receipts, current US$ | $202m2020 | 126/177 | 17/40 | $152m | $425m | $202m | −52%since 2010 | $34.9bn | $11.8bn | $1.9tn |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
neighbours
Madagascar and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Madagascar. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Madagascar | France | Mozambique | Comoros | Seychelles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exports | 21.3%2025 | 33.4%2025 | 41.4%2025 | 9.3%2025 | 79.6%2025 |
| Imports | 32.9%2025 | 33.8%2025 | 55.7%2025 | 31.6%2025 | 92.7%2025 |
| Trade openness | 54.2%2025 | 67.2%2025 | 97.1%2025 | 40.9%2025 | 172.3%2025 |
| Current account | -5.2%2025 | -0.3%2025 | -14.2%2025 | -1.7%2023 | -5.7%2025 |
| Merchandise exports | $2.5bn2025 | $683bn2025 | $8.1bn2025 | $48.0m2025 | $550m2025 |
| High-tech exports | 1.0%2024 | 23.1%2024 | 3.6%2024 | 3.1%2023 | 0.1%2024 |
| Fuel exports | 2.6%2024 | 3.8%2025 | 54.2%2025 | 0.0%2023 | 0.0%2024 |
| Food exports | 30.5%2024 | 13.4%2025 | 12.4%2025 | 88.5%2023 | 85.9%2024 |
| Average tariff | 8.7%2022 | 1.3%2022 | 4.2%2021 | 4.3%2021 | 1.3%2022 |