Aid, poverty & equality · Europe & Central Asia · High income
Estonia: poverty, inequality and aid
Extreme poverty is 0.3% (2023), 122nd of 151 in the world and 28th of 47 in Europe & Central Asia. Poverty, $4.20/day is 0.6% (2023), 119th of 151 in the world and 26th of 47 in Europe & Central Asia. Poverty, $8.30/day is 1.3% (2023), 129th of 151 in the world and 30th of 47 in Europe & Central Asia.
Extreme poverty
EstoniaEurope & Central AsiaHigh incomeWorld
Poverty, $4.20/day
EstoniaEurope & Central AsiaHigh incomeWorld
11 indicators
Aid, poverty & equality: Estonia in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Europe & Central Asia; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extreme povertyExtreme poverty, $3.00 a day (2021 PPP), % of population | 0.3%2023 | 122/151 | 28/47 | 3.0% | 1.0% | 0.4% | −0.8 ppsince 2013 | 0.6% | 0.6% | 10.1% | |
| Poverty, $4.20/dayPoverty at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP), % of population | 0.6%2023 | 119/151 | 26/47 | 7.2% | 2.1% | 0.5% | −1.3 ppsince 2013 | 1.1% | 0.7% | 18.2% | |
| Poverty, $8.30/dayPoverty at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP), % of population | 1.3%2023 | 129/151 | 30/47 | 35.9% | 7.2% | 1.6% | −4.0 ppsince 2013 | 4.8% | 1.7% | 46.2% | |
| National poverty ratePoverty at national poverty lines, % of population | 22.5%2022 | 66/145 | 4/47 | · | 17.5% | 20.6% | +3.9 ppsince 2012 | — | — | — | |
| Gini indexGini index of income inequality | 30.72023 | 114/151 | 24/47 | 35.8 | 32.0 | 30.7 | −13%since 2013 | — | — | — | |
| Top 10% income shareIncome share held by the richest 10% | 23.7%2023 | 123/151 | 27/47 | 27.6% | 24.3% | 23.5% | −2.9 ppsince 2013 | — | — | — | |
| Bottom 20% income shareIncome share held by the poorest 20% | 8.3%2023 | 35/151 | 20/47 | 6.9% | 7.2% | 8.1% | +1.5 ppsince 2013 | — | — | — | |
| UndernourishmentPrevalence of undernourishment, % of population | 2.5%2024 | 123/167 | 17/47 | 3.6%2001 | 2.5% | 2.5% | ±0.0 ppsince 2014 | 2.9% | 2.6% | 8.1% | |
| Food insecurityModerate or severe food insecurity, % of population | 13.1%2024 | 104/155 | 10/45 | · | · | 7.9% | — | 10.4% | 7.9% | 28.0% | |
| Account ownershipAccount ownership (bank or mobile money), % of adults | 98.9%2024 | 8/145 | 8/46 | · | 96.8%2011 | 99.4%2021 | +1.2 ppsince 2014 | 89.6% | 94.9% | 78.7% | |
| Women in parliamentSeats held by women in national parliament, % | 28.7%2025 | 84/190 | 34/52 | 17.8% | 22.8% | 28.7% | +5.0 ppsince 2015 | 31.7% | 31.2% | 27.2% |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
Better than ten years ago
- Extreme poverty−0.8 pp0.3% in 2023
- Poverty, $4.20/day−1.3 pp0.6% in 2023
- Poverty, $8.30/day−4.0 pp1.3% in 2023
- Gini index−13%30.7 in 2023
Worse than ten years ago
- National poverty rate+3.9 pp22.5% in 2022
Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).
neighbours
Estonia and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Estonia. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Estonia | Russia | Latvia |
|---|---|---|---|
| Extreme poverty | 0.3%2023 | 0.1%2023 | 0.4%2023 |
| Poverty, $4.20/day | 0.6%2023 | 0.2%2023 | 0.7%2023 |
| Poverty, $8.30/day | 1.3%2023 | 0.9%2023 | 2.8%2023 |
| National poverty rate | 22.5%2022 | 7.2%2024 | 22.5%2022 |
| Gini index | 30.72023 | 33.02023 | 34.02023 |
| Top 10% income share | 23.7%2023 | 25.1%2023 | 26.2%2023 |
| Bottom 20% income share | 8.3%2023 | 7.7%2023 | 7.2%2023 |
| Undernourishment | 2.5%2024 | 2.5%2024 | 2.5%2024 |
| Food insecurity | 13.1%2024 | 2.6%2024 | 11.7%2024 |