Egypt: poverty, inequality and aid
Extreme poverty is 1.4% (2021), 81st of 151 in the world and 7th of 13 in the Middle East & North Africa. Poverty, $4.20/day is 7.1% (2021), 69th of 151 in the world and 6th of 13 in the Middle East & North Africa. Poverty, $8.30/day is 58.5% (2021), 53rd of 151 in the world and 4th of 13 in the Middle East & North Africa.
Aid, poverty & equality: Egypt in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extreme povertyExtreme poverty, $3.00 a day (2021 PPP), % of population | 1.4%2021 | 81/151 | 7/13 | 0.0%1999 | 1.5% | 1.4%2021 | −0.1 ppsince 2010 | 14.3% | 12.4% | 10.1% | |
| Poverty, $4.20/dayPoverty at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP), % of population | 7.1%2021 | 69/151 | 6/13 | 12.8%1999 | 10.0% | 7.1%2021 | −2.9 ppsince 2010 | 26.8% | 26.9% | 18.2% | |
| Poverty, $8.30/dayPoverty at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP), % of population | 58.5%2021 | 53/151 | 4/13 | 64.0%1999 | 63.5% | 58.5%2021 | −5.0 ppsince 2010 | 59.0% | 76.8% | 46.2% | |
| National poverty ratePoverty at national poverty lines, % of population | 33.5%2021 | 39/145 | 2/10 | · | · | 33.5%2021 | — | — | — | — | |
| Gini indexGini index of income inequality | 28.52021 | 132/151 | 11/13 | 30.81999 | 30.2 | 28.52021 | −5.6%since 2010 | — | — | — | |
| Top 10% income shareIncome share held by the richest 10% | 24.6%2021 | 111/151 | 10/13 | 26.4%1999 | 26.1% | 24.6%2021 | −1.5 ppsince 2010 | — | — | — | |
| Bottom 20% income shareIncome share held by the poorest 20% | 9.7%2021 | 8/151 | 1/13 | 9.2%1999 | 9.4% | 9.7%2021 | +0.3 ppsince 2010 | — | — | — | |
| UndernourishmentPrevalence of undernourishment, % of population | 8.4%2024 | 61/167 | 9/19 | 4.8%2001 | 5.1% | 7.1% | +2.0 ppsince 2014 | 12.3% | 12.1% | 8.1% | |
| Food insecurityModerate or severe food insecurity, % of population | 29.9%2024 | 64/155 | 7/15 | · | · | 27.3% | — | 40.1% | 41.8% | 28.0% | |
| Account ownershipAccount ownership (bank or mobile money), % of adults | 43.1%2024 | 122/145 | 11/20 | · | 9.7%2011 | 27.4%2021 | +29.0 ppsince 2014 | 52.8% | 70.4% | 78.7% | |
| Women in parliamentSeats held by women in national parliament, % | 26.8%2025 | 90/190 | 4/22 | 2.0% | 12.7% | 27.4% | +24.9 ppsince 2012 | 16.9% | 23.6% | 27.2% | |
| Net ODA receivedNet official development assistance received, US$ | $480m2023 | 69/145 | 11/16 | $1.4bn | $557m | $1.6bn | −91%since 2013 | $35.1bn | $59.2bn | $259bn | |
| ODA, % of GNINet ODA received, % of GNI | 0.1%2023 | 124/139 | 13/15 | 1.4% | 0.3% | 0.4% | −1.8 ppsince 2013 | 0.7% | 0.9% | 0.2% | |
| ODA per personNet ODA received per capita, US$ | $4.22023 | 131/145 | 14/16 | $18.8 | $6.2 | $14.3 | −93%since 2013 | $44.0 | $20.6 | $32.2 |
Better than ten years ago
- Extreme poverty−0.1 pp1.4% in 2021
- Poverty, $4.20/day−2.9 pp7.1% in 2021
- Poverty, $8.30/day−5.0 pp58.5% in 2021
- Gini index−5.6%28.5 in 2021
Worse than ten years ago
- Undernourishment+2.0 pp8.4% in 2024
Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).
Egypt and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Egypt. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Egypt | Sudan | Israel | Libya |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extreme poverty | 1.4%2021 | 10.1%2014 | 0.4%2022 | — |
| Poverty, $4.20/day | 7.1%2021 | 26.0%2014 | 0.9%2022 | — |
| Poverty, $8.30/day | 58.5%2021 | 73.2%2014 | 4.4%2022 | — |
| National poverty rate | 33.5%2021 | 46.5%2009 | — | — |
| Gini index | 28.52021 | 34.22014 | 38.32022 | — |
| Top 10% income share | 24.6%2021 | 27.8%2014 | 27.0%2022 | — |
| Bottom 20% income share | 9.7%2021 | 7.8%2014 | 5.2%2022 | — |
| Undernourishment | 8.4%2024 | 10.9%2021 | 2.5%2024 | 18.7%2024 |
| Food insecurity | 29.9%2024 | — | 8.9%2024 | 31.6%2024 |