Trade & investment · Europe & Central Asia · High income
Bulgaria: trade and investment
Exports is 50.7% (2025), 52nd of 184 in the world and 22nd of 52 in Europe & Central Asia. Imports is 51.8% (2025), 77th of 184 in the world and 29th of 52 in Europe & Central Asia. Trade openness is 102.5% (2025), 59th of 184 in the world and 24th of 52 in Europe & Central Asia.
13 indicators
Trade & investment: Bulgaria in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Europe & Central Asia; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ExportsExports of goods and services, % of GDP | 50.7%2025 | 52/184 | 22/52 | 36.2% | 50.1% | 56.5% | −13.0 ppsince 2015 | 43.7% | 31.7% | 29.5% | |
| ImportsImports of goods and services, % of GDP | 51.8%2025 | 77/184 | 29/52 | 41.5% | 53.3% | 53.9% | −11.2 ppsince 2015 | 41.0% | 30.8% | 28.5% | |
| Trade opennessTrade, % of GDP | 102.5%2025 | 59/184 | 24/52 | 77.7% | 103.4% | 110.4% | −24.2 ppsince 2015 | 81.8% | 60.5% | 68.5% | |
| Current accountCurrent account balance, % of GDP | -5.8%2025 | 140/185 | 42/50 | -5.3% | -1.9% | 1.5% | −5.9 ppsince 2015 | — | — | — | |
| Merchandise exportsMerchandise exports, current US$ | $48.3bn2025 | 58/206 | 26/51 | $4.9bn | $20.6bn | $32.0bn | +90%since 2015 | $10.0tn | $17.5tn | $26.4tn | |
| High-tech exportsHigh-technology exports, % of manufactured exports | 13.4%2024 | 53/170 | 27/47 | · | 8.4% | 11.3% | +5.9 ppsince 2014 | 21.4% | 25.8% | 24.7% | |
| Fuel exportsFuel exports, % of merchandise exports | 7.3%2025 | 63/172 | 18/48 | 11.7% | 13.3% | 4.6% | −3.3 ppsince 2015 | 6.3% | 10.4% | 9.5% | |
| Food exportsFood exports, % of merchandise exports | 16.2%2025 | 87/172 | 15/48 | 9.8% | 16.1% | 16.6% | +0.7 ppsince 2015 | 10.6% | 8.8% | 9.0% | |
| Average tariffApplied tariff rate, weighted mean, all products | 1.3%2022 | 143/184 | 19/46 | 10.3% | 2.1% | 1.4%2021 | −0.1 ppsince 2012 | — | — | — | |
| FDI inflowsForeign direct investment, net inflows, % of GDP | 3.7%2025 | 57/197 | 10/51 | 7.6% | 3.6% | 4.0% | −0.6 ppsince 2015 | 1.0% | 1.5% | 1.4% | |
| RemittancesPersonal remittances received, % of GDP | 2.1%2025 | 94/178 | 21/50 | 0.4% | 2.6% | 2.8% | −0.9 ppsince 2015 | 0.8% | 0.3% | 0.8% | |
| Tourist arrivalsInternational tourist arrivals | 5.0m2020 | 38/196 | 23/51 | 4.9m | 8.4m | 5.0m | −41%since 2010 | 1.2bn | 1.5bn | 2.4bn | |
| Tourism receiptsInternational tourism receipts, current US$ | $1.8bn2020 | 53/177 | 21/42 | $1.4bn | $3.8bn | $1.8bn | −53%since 2010 | $590bn | $1.2tn | $1.9tn |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
neighbours
Bulgaria and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Bulgaria. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Bulgaria | Türkiye | Romania | Greece | Serbia | North Macedonia |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exports | 50.7%2025 | 24.8%2025 | 35.5%2025 | 39.5%2025 | 54.3%2025 | 59.6%2025 |
| Imports | 51.8%2025 | 25.1%2025 | 40.7%2025 | 44.0%2025 | 58.6%2025 | 73.4%2025 |
| Trade openness | 102.5%2025 | 49.9%2025 | 76.2%2025 | 83.5%2025 | 112.9%2025 | 133.0%2025 |
| Current account | -5.8%2025 | -1.9%2025 | -7.9%2025 | -5.6%2025 | -4.9%2025 | -4.3%2025 |
| Merchandise exports | $48.3bn2025 | $273bn2025 | $109bn2025 | $54.8bn2025 | $37.3bn2025 | $9.1bn2025 |
| High-tech exports | 13.4%2024 | 5.1%2024 | 13.4%2024 | 15.0%2024 | 4.5%2007 | 6.4%2024 |
| Fuel exports | 7.3%2025 | 5.4%2025 | 5.6%2025 | 26.5%2025 | 2.6%2007 | 2.8%2025 |
| Food exports | 16.2%2025 | 11.8%2025 | 13.0%2025 | 24.1%2025 | 18.6%2007 | 11.8%2025 |
| Average tariff | 1.3%2022 | 4.3%2022 | 1.3%2022 | 1.3%2022 | 1.7%2021 | 2.3%2022 |