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Population · Sub-Saharan Africa · Low income

Sudan: population and demography

Population is 51.7m (2025), 30th of 217 in the world and 7th of 48 in Sub-Saharan Africa. Population growth is 2.38% (2025), 30th of 217 in the world and 21st of 48 in Sub-Saharan Africa. Urban share is 34.9% (2025), 183rd of 217 in the world and 33rd of 48 in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Population51.7m2025 · world 30/217 · region 7/48Population growth2.38%2025 · world 30/217 · region 21/48Urban share34.9%2025 · world 183/217 · region 33/48Density27.02024 · world 176/216 · region 38/48
Population
Sudan
020.0m40.0m60.0m1995200020052010201520202025Sudan51.7m
Population growth
SudanSub-Saharan AfricaLow incomeWorld
0%1.0%2.0%3.0%4.0%1995200020052010201520202025Sudan2.38%Sub-Saharan AfricaLow incomeWorld
12 indicators

Population: Sudan in detail

Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Sub-Saharan Africa; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.

IndicatorLatestWorld rankIn region~2000~2010~202010-year changeRegionIncome groupWorldSince 2000
PopulationPopulation51.7m202530/2177/4827.8m35.4m46.8m+29%since 20151.3bn767m8.2bn
Population growthPopulation growth, annual %2.38%202530/21721/482.50%2.42%2.69%−0.7 ppsince 20152.43%2.69%0.91%
Urban shareUrban population, % of total34.9%2025183/21733/4832.3%32.7%34.6%+0.8 ppsince 201544.7%35.2%57.8%
DensityPopulation density, people per km²27.02024176/21638/48·19.8201225.0+30%since 201452.749.562.1
FertilityFertility rate, births per woman4.26202416/21714/485.605.144.54−13%since 20144.264.462.19
Birth rateBirth rate, per 1,000 people33.0202418/21716/4840.838.034.5−7.0%since 201432.834.016.3
Death rateDeath rate, per 1,000 people6.32024145/21732/4810.07.86.8−12%since 20148.07.07.6
Aged 0–14Population aged 0–14, % of total40.2%202524/21722/4845.8%44.6%41.4%−3.3 ppsince 201540.4%40.9%24.4%
Aged 65+Population aged 65+, % of total3.4%2025182/21721/482.9%2.6%3.0%+0.7 ppsince 20153.2%3.3%10.4%
Dependency ratioAge dependency ratio, % of working-age population77.3%202522/21719/4895.2%89.4%79.9%−8.7 ppsince 201578.1%80.2%54.5%
Net migrationNet migration, people291,46920256/2171/48-165,030-339,466-65,933+338%since 2015-223,909160,8310
Adolescent birthsAdolescent fertility, births per 1,000 women aged 15–1964.5202449/21736/48106.388.971.2−19%since 201491.990.738.3
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.

Better than ten years ago

Worse than ten years ago

No rated indicator got worse over the decade.

Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).

neighbours

Sudan and its neighbours

Countries sharing a land border with Sudan. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.

IndicatorSudanEthiopiaEgyptChadSouth SudanLibya
Population51.7m2025135m2025118m202521.0m202512.2m20257.5m2025
Population growth2.38%20252.55%20251.56%20253.41%20252.03%20251.04%2025
Urban share34.9%202524.1%202542.9%202527.6%202521.7%202587.9%2025
Density27.02024117.72024117.1202416.1202418.920244.22024
Fertility4.2620243.9120242.7320246.0320243.7920242.302024
Birth rate33.0202431.5202420.9202443.3202429.2202416.52024
Death rate6.320245.920245.5202411.120249.820246.52024
Aged 0–1440.2%202538.8%202531.6%202546.0%202538.0%202526.8%2025
Aged 65+3.4%20253.3%20255.3%20252.1%20253.1%20255.2%2025
Ethiopia: populationEgypt: populationChad: populationSouth Sudan: populationLibya: population
Population in Sub-Saharan Africaall 48 economies rankedPopulation: low-income countries25 economies rankedPopulation: world leaderboardstop and bottom countriesSudan: all key statisticscountry profile