Aid, poverty & equality · Sub-Saharan Africa · Lower-middle income
Nigeria: poverty, inequality and aid
Extreme poverty is 41.8% (2022), 17th of 151 in the world and 17th of 44 in Sub-Saharan Africa. Poverty, $4.20/day is 64.0% (2022), 16th of 151 in the world and 16th of 44 in Sub-Saharan Africa. Poverty, $8.30/day is 92.9% (2022), 12th of 151 in the world and 12th of 44 in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Undernourishment
NigeriaSub-Saharan AfricaLower-middle incomeWorld
Food insecurity
NigeriaLower-middle incomeWorld
14 indicators
Aid, poverty & equality: Nigeria in detail
Latest reported value, world rank and rank within Sub-Saharan Africa; values around 2000, 2010, 2020; group and world columns are World Bank aggregates.
| Indicator | Latest | World rank | In region | ~2000 | ~2010 | ~2020 | 10-year change | Region | Income group | World | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extreme povertyExtreme poverty, $3.00 a day (2021 PPP), % of population | 41.8%2022 | 17/151 | 17/44 | · | 38.5% | 41.8%2022 | +4.4 ppsince 2012 | 45.0% | 12.4% | 10.1% | |
| Poverty, $4.20/dayPoverty at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP), % of population | 64.0%2022 | 16/151 | 16/44 | · | 58.7% | 64.0%2022 | +6.3 ppsince 2012 | 63.2% | 26.9% | 18.2% | |
| Poverty, $8.30/dayPoverty at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP), % of population | 92.9%2022 | 12/151 | 12/44 | · | 88.7% | 92.9%2022 | +4.5 ppsince 2012 | 88.6% | 76.8% | 46.2% | |
| National poverty ratePoverty at national poverty lines, % of population | 56.2%2022 | 9/145 | 8/45 | · | · | 56.2%2022 | — | — | — | — | |
| Gini indexGini index of income inequality | 33.92022 | 83/151 | 37/44 | · | 35.7 | 33.92022 | −4.5%since 2012 | — | — | — | |
| Top 10% income shareIncome share held by the richest 10% | 26.3%2022 | 80/151 | 38/44 | · | 26.7% | 26.3%2022 | −0.3 ppsince 2012 | — | — | — | |
| Bottom 20% income shareIncome share held by the poorest 20% | 7.5%2022 | 62/151 | 11/44 | · | 7.1% | 7.5%2022 | +0.4 ppsince 2012 | — | — | — | |
| UndernourishmentPrevalence of undernourishment, % of population | 22.2%2024 | 21/167 | 16/44 | 8.7%2001 | 10.5% | 15.6% | +10.8 ppsince 2014 | 22.3% | 12.1% | 8.1% | |
| Food insecurityModerate or severe food insecurity, % of population | 76.5%2024 | 10/155 | 8/38 | · | · | 62.9% | — | — | 41.8% | 28.0% | |
| Account ownershipAccount ownership (bank or mobile money), % of adults | 63.3%2024 | 87/145 | 11/36 | · | 29.7%2011 | 45.3%2021 | +18.8 ppsince 2014 | 55.1% | 70.4% | 78.7% | |
| Women in parliamentSeats held by women in national parliament, % | 4.2%2025 | 182/190 | 46/46 | 3.4% | 7.0% | 7.2% | −1.3 ppsince 2015 | 27.0% | 23.6% | 27.2% | |
| Net ODA receivedNet official development assistance received, US$ | $3.6bn2023 | 9/145 | 3/48 | $174m | $1.1bn | $3.4bn | +43%since 2013 | $64.8bn | $59.2bn | $259bn | |
| ODA, % of GNINet ODA received, % of GNI | 0.8%2023 | 99/139 | 42/47 | · | 0.3% | 0.6% | +0.2 ppsince 2013 | 3.1% | 0.9% | 0.2% | |
| ODA per personNet ODA received per capita, US$ | $15.82023 | 120/145 | 46/48 | $1.4 | $6.4 | $15.8 | +14%since 2013 | $51.5 | $20.6 | $32.2 |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)“·” — no value reported within two years of that date. World rank counts countries with a recent value.
Better than ten years ago
- Gini index−4.5%33.9 in 2022
- Top 10% income share−0.3 pp26.3% in 2022
- Bottom 20% income share+0.4 pp7.5% in 2022
- Account ownership+18.8 pp63.3% in 2024
Worse than ten years ago
- Extreme poverty+4.4 pp41.8% in 2022
- Poverty, $4.20/day+6.3 pp64.0% in 2022
- Poverty, $8.30/day+4.5 pp92.9% in 2022
- Undernourishment+10.8 pp22.2% in 2024
Only indicators where higher or lower is clearly better are rated (for example, unemployment down is better, life expectancy up is better).
neighbours
Nigeria and its neighbours
Countries sharing a land border with Nigeria. Latest values since 2005; the highest in each row is marked.
| Indicator | Nigeria | Cameroon | Niger | Chad | Benin | São Tomé and Príncipe |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extreme poverty | 41.8%2022 | 26.7%2021 | 60.5%2021 | 39.5%2022 | 27.2%2021 | 13.0%2017 |
| Poverty, $4.20/day | 64.0%2022 | 41.3%2021 | 79.7%2021 | 61.4%2022 | 50.0%2021 | 30.5%2017 |
| Poverty, $8.30/day | 92.9%2022 | 74.0%2021 | 96.1%2021 | 89.5%2022 | 86.5%2021 | 70.0%2017 |
| National poverty rate | 56.2%2022 | 37.7%2021 | 41.2%2021 | 44.8%2022 | 36.2%2021 | 55.5%2017 |
| Gini index | 33.92022 | 42.22021 | 32.92021 | 37.42022 | 34.42021 | 40.72017 |
| Top 10% income share | 26.3%2022 | 31.1%2021 | 27.8%2021 | 29.5%2022 | 27.2%2021 | 32.8%2017 |
| Bottom 20% income share | 7.5%2022 | 5.4%2021 | 8.7%2021 | 6.9%2022 | 7.6%2021 | 6.4%2017 |
| Undernourishment | 22.2%2024 | 4.9%2024 | 12.9%2024 | 33.6%2024 | 11.1%2024 | 23.0%2024 |
| Food insecurity | 76.5%2024 | 60.9%2024 | 50.3%2024 | 65.0%2024 | 65.6%2024 | 54.6%2022 |